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• 基金项目：

• 张甬元
• 中国科学院水生生物研究所

• 谭渝云
• 中国科学院水生生物研究所

• 孙美娟
• 中国科学院水生生物研究所

• 摘要：本报告研究了利用氧化塘处理废水中对硫磷农药的生物净化机理。分离出Pseudomonas sp.CTP-01、CTP-02两个菌株,对对硫磷和对硝基酚具有很高的降解能力,其降解速度分别为11.0g/l/day和6.0g/I/day。观察了对硫磷及分解产物对栅藻光合作用的影响和模拟藻菌系统中对硝基酚的降解。研究了Pseudomonas sp.CTP-01的对硫磷的酶解,对硫磷水解酶降解对硫磷的最高速度可达1×10⁴n mol/mg prot./min.Cu离子对酶有明显的激活作用。Pseudomonas sp.CTP-02在降解对硝基酚时首先发生硝基脱落,然后进一步被降解。

• Abstract：The purpose of this study was to investigate mechanism of biodegrada-tion of organophosphate pesticides in oxidation ponds.Two strains of bacteria capable of growing on parathion and p-nitrophenol as sole carbon sources were isolated from the oxidation ponds. The bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas sp. CTP-01 and CTP-02. Parathion was rapidly metabolized by Pseudomonas sp. CTP-01 to produce diethylthiophosphate and p-nitrophenol, which was further metabolized. Pseudomonas sp. CTP-02, however, metabolized Ρ-nitrophenol only.The rates of degradation of parathion and p-nitrophenol by CTP-01 and CTP-02 were determined to be 11.0 g/1 per day and 6.0 g/1 per day, respectively.Effect of parathion and its degradation products on photosynthesis of Seenedismus obliq. was also investigated. Studies of simulated algae-bacteria symbiotic system of Pseudomonas sp. CTP-01 and Seenedismus obliq., using p-nitrophenol as substrate, indicate that oxygen needed for aerobic bacteria can be provided by algae photosynthesis.The enzymatic hydrolysis of parathion was further investigated. Cell-free enzyme preparation of Pseudomonas sp. CTP-01 made parathion hydrolysed at a maximum rate of 1×10⁴ n mol/min/mg of crude protein.Cu ions caused activation of the enzyme, and increase about 20 times with 10^-3M Cu²⁺.When cultures of Pseudomonas sp. CTP-02 were supplied with p-nitrophenol, stoichiometric quantities of nitrite were released from p-nitrophenol. This result suggests that aromatic nitro group is detached before fission of the ring.It has been found that under anaerobic condition of oxidation ponds the P-nitrophenol is reduced and transformed into p-aminophenol. The results of our investigation indicated that the terminal metabolic product of alkylthio-phosphate was ortho phosphate.

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