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• 基金项目：

• 彭安
• 中国科学院环境化学研究所

• 王文华
• 中国科学院环境化学研究所

• 摘要：提取和研究了华北蓟运河的腐殖酸,并从实验中得到了一些结论。国产吸附树脂GDX-102对分离河水中的腐殖酸比较有效,黄腐酸在树脂吸附前后的红外光谱没有明显的区别。氨—乙醇混合液作为解吸液效果较好,而且不引进金属离子。水体黄腐酸(FA)和棕腐酸(HA)的分子量低于煤炭和土壤中的FA和HA,其趋势为河水FA<河泥FA<河泥HA。水生腐殖酸具有明显的荧光特性,其酸性基高于土壤和煤炭腐殖酸,且—COOH基含量一般低于土壤和煤炭腐殖酸,—OH基是总酸性基的主要部分。水体腐殖酸的碳含量较低,氧、硫、氮含量较高,因此可能有各种取代基,这在络合作用中必须予以考虑。

• Abstract：Humic substances in Ji Yun River in North China have been extracted and investigated. Some of the conclusions have been made based on experimental results. Macroreticular polystyrene resin GDX-102 is found quite satisfactory for separating fulvic acid from river water. No significant difference was observed for IR spectra of fulvic acid before and after adsorption on the resin. Ammonia-ethanol mixture was used to elute fulvic acid from the resin with good results and no metal ions found in eluate. Molecular weights of the aquatic fulvic acid (FA) and humic acid (HA) are determined and found lower than those in peat and soil, in the increasing order of FA in river water<FA in sediment<HA in sediment. Aromaticity of aquatic HA and FA are smaller than those in peat and soil, in the same increasing order of FA in river water <FA in sediment <HA in sediment. Characteristic fluorescent properities were observed for FA and HA. The content of acidic functional groups in aquatic humic acids is on the contrary higher than those in peat and soil, but the carboxylic part is considerably lower than the other groups, while hydroxyl group is the main-stay of all the groups. The carbon content in the aquatic HA and FA is lower than those in peat and soil. However, oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen content are higher. There might be some groups substituted which should be taken into consideration as a factor in complex formation.

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