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• 基金项目：

• 胡荣梅
• 中国科学院南京土壤研究所

• 阮银龙
• 中国科学院南京土壤研究所

• 马立珊
• 中国科学院南京土壤研究所

• 摘要：内蒙古包头地区是我国氟污染的严重地区之一。本文研究了土壤含氟量的特点,发现该区土壤本身含氟量偏高,加以三废中氟的污染,使氟病发生的可能性增加。根据土壤中水溶性和全氟的分布,可以估计大气氟污染的范围和程度。与大气氟污染相比,资料表明,包钢尾矿坝往南3km内的土壤全氟和水溶性氟测定结果说明,土壤氟污染现在已达坝下2km,最高浓度处每公顷每公尺土层中含氟近1吨。目前,如不采取措施,尾矿坝对土壤、地下水和作物的影响将更加严重。针对尾矿坝对环境的污染特点,提出了防治污染的措施。

• Abstract：Fluorine pollution in soil in Baotou region has been studied and described. Distribution of soluble and total fluorine in soil can in some way reflect range and level of fluorine pollution in air in that region. Atmospheric fluorine pollution in this region can hardly be compared with that caused by tail-ore dam, involving solid waste and wastewater from ore-dressing and -sintening plants, which according to data are main sources. Accumulation rate of fluorine in soils downstream of the dam is very high, sometimes over one ton fluorine per ha. per meter. Fluorine pollution in soil also causes contamination of ground water and vegetables. That results in relocation of the neighboring production units several years ago. It becomes clear that it is not the air fluorine pollution, but the soil fluorine pollution intensified tail-ore dam, which play its part. In view of serious impact made by tail-ore dam on the environment, practical suggestions should be advanced to take preventive measures for extensive protection.

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