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• 基金项目：

• 全国蚊类抗药性调查协作组
• 全国蚊类抗药性调查协作组

• 摘要：本文报告我国尖音库蚊种团幼虫对六种杀虫剂近年发生抗性情况,共调查16省市的32个地区。结果多数地区对有机磷酯类的敌百虫发生抗性,对马拉硫磷和杀螟硫磷抗性区较小,程度亦较低。对二二三抗药也较普遍。结果都用LC₅₀和WHO的抗性等级表示。

• Abstract：Both Culex pipiens Coq. and Culex fatigans belong to the complex Culex pipiens L. The former is distributed in the north and middle China while the latter in the south China. Either in city or in the county, they are the prevailing species and play the role of transporting Wuchercheria bancrofti and Japanese B encephalitis. The polluted water bodies such as ponds, ditches and other receivers are the major breeding places of both species. Since the beginning of 1950s, large quantities of organochloride insecticides have been used to treat the breeding places to control mosquito. Their resistance has increased rapidly. Since 1960s, the organophosphorus (OPs) such as dipterex and DDVP, have been used to be the substitute all over the country. However, from the early 1970s, it was found that effectiveness of OPs has decreased more than in previous years. In 1978-1982, a genaral survey was made of the tolerance of both species to six kinds of insecticides in 32 counties of 16 provinces. With the purpose of reference for the hygiene and epidemic organizations, the results of 1982 were listed indicating LC50 and resistance levels (R, M, S). The principle used in the discrimination dose was from the WHO (WHO Technical Report 655, 1980). However, it was found that the tolerance of C. pipiens pallens and C. fatigans in China showed rather susceptible as compared with the discrimination doses suggested by WHO. Thus, there is a review of the discrimination dose of the 12 kinds of insecticides with Chinese susceptible strains and the discrimination dose suggested, as shown in this paper.After the data shown in this paper were examined, the followingwas found:1) The resistance level (R, M, or S) mainly corresponds to LC50. In some districts, such as Dinghai and Beidaihe, however, LC50 against fenitrothion indicates that there is no significant difference; yet the resistance level of the former belongs to R and that of the latter, to S. This phenomenon shows that frequency of high-resistance individual among the population of the former is higher than that of the latter. Therefore, the method tested with discrimination dose is considered to be suitable to predict the potency of resistance. In fact, LC50 is still the best item used to indicate the resistance level.2) Many authors have demonstrated that caboxylesterase is degradation enzyme both of malathion and dipterex, while C. pipiens pallens or C. fatigans in China shows high resistance to dipterex in many districts, but still susceptible against malathion. Such phenomenon offers a favorable possibility of utilizing malathion as substitute for dipterex for a period.3) So far as known, malathion and fenitrothion are the two used only to control agricultural pests in China. But the IC. pipiens pallens and C. fatigans have developed resistance to both insecticides in most parts of eastern China as mentioned in this paper. There are two possibilities: first, due to cross resistance by dipterex resistance, and second, both insecticides contaminate the breeding places of these mosquitoes while controlling agricultural pests. Whatever a good insecticide it may be as applied to control the pests of any kinds, it is unavoidable to contaminate the environment and causes interactions between various organisms which do not limit the target pests.

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