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• 基金项目：

• 王银善
• 中国科学院武汉病毒研究所

• 庞学军
• 中国科学院武汉病毒研究所

• 摘要：本文介绍从农药污染严重的棉田土中分离得一株降解对硫磷能力较强的黄杆菌P3-2.该菌还可降解杀螟松、甲基对硫磷和水胺硫磷等有机磷农药.其性能稳定,在4℃下保存30天降解能力变化不大,降解对硫磷的最适pH值为8.0.最适温度为45℃.金属络合剂如邻菲罗啉等对降解能力有明显的抑制作用,铜离子有显著的激活作用,低浓度的某些有机溶剂没有抑制作用.用对硫磷作唯一碳源培养的3g湿菌体经琼脂固化后,每小时降解该农药约64mg.

• Abstract：A strain of parathion-degrading Flavobacterium sp. P3-2 was isolated from the soil of pesticides-containing cotton field. The bacteria grew in Burk medium containing 0.1% yeast extract using parathion as the sole carbon source. After agitation for 24 hours at 30℃, the cultured bacteria were harvested by contrifugation. The bacterial cells were added to a buffer with parathion, then incubated. The hydrolytic product of parathion, p-nitrophenol, and residual parathion were extracted from reaction mixtures by organic solvents and were detected on TLC. If the above action continued further, nitrites were released from p-nitrophenols. In addition to degrade parathion, the bacterium could degrade other organophosphorus pesticides as well, such as Fenitrothion, Methyl parathion and so on. This bacterium was stable when stored for 30 days at 4℃ with little change in capability. The optimal pH for degradation was found to be 8.0 and the optimal temperature was 45℃. Inhibition was obviously observed with metal-binding agents, for example, o-phenanthroline and a, a'-dipyridyl. Apparent activation was observed with copper ions. No inhibition was, however, observed with certain organic solvents of low concentration, such as 1 % acetone, methanol or ethanol. 3g of moist cells grown in parathion as a source of carbon was immobilized by agar and could degrade parathion about 64mg per h.

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