• 关键词：

• 基金项目：

• 梁枝荣
• 中国科学院微生物研究所

• 余永年
• 中国科学院微生物研究所

• 摘要：对北京地区水霉科真菌在不同污染水体中分布和数量变化的调查研究表明,水霉科游动孢子在水体中的数量随水体污染程度的变化而不同:一般在净水中较少,在轻度污染至中度污染的水体中明显增多,污染加重时逐渐下降,在重污染区明显减少,在近于毒污染的水体中则几乎绝迹.可见水霉科真菌在不同污染水体中的分布和数量变化具有一定的规律性,将其用作对水体进行综合评价的一项生物指标的可行性值得进一步研究.

• Abstract：From February, 1980 to July, 1981, occurrence and distribution of Saprolegniaceae in polluted water of Beijing district were investigated. Water samples were collected at regular intervals to isolate and determine the water mold in waterbodies with different degrees of pollution, ranging from Miyun Reservoir where water was relatively clean, to Chang River and Liangshui River with polysaprobic zones. The results revealed difference in ability of Saprolegniaceae fungi to tolerate pollution. Achlya sp. with low tolerance was abundant in oligosaprobic, less frequent in β-mesosaprobic, very rare in α-mesosapro-bic and absent in polysaprobic zone. On the contrary, Saprolegnia sp. with high tolerance occurred not only frequently in mesosaprobic to polysaprobic zones, but was the only saprolegniaceous fungi in polysaprobic zones. Aphanomyces sp., most prominent in clean water, was also occasionally isolated in polysaprobiczones, except in the mesosaprobic, and seemed to have greater adaptability to water environment. In addition, zoospores were few in clean water, but increased markedly in oligosaprobic and mesosaprobic zones with increasing pollution, and decreased almost to nil in polysaprobic zone with further addition of sewage and effluent. The results show that distribution and occurrence of saprolegniaceous fungi in various waterbodies seem probably to have rather close relation with the degree of pollution of the waterbodies and offer some usefulness in comprehensive evaluation of the water quality.

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