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研究简报

摘要：本实验研究甲醛污染的淡水和海水对细菌、植物和动物的生物学效应。甲醛的毒害作用是显著的。含0.036—0.36%甲醛的纯水能引起鼠伤寒沙门氏菌组氨酸缺陷型菌株TA100的回复突变,含0.036%、0.0036%、0.00036%甲醛的水溶液行短期(6h)处理紫露草花枝基部,24h休复后发现四分体细胞中微核率显著增高。含0.0018%、0.0036%、0.018%甲醛的水处理蚕豆根,引起根尖细胞中微核率明显增高。0.00018%甲醛的海水使马粪海胆幼虫在45min内死亡。0.0072%甲醛的海水使该幼虫在2m

Abstract：Biological effects of formaldehyde-polluted water were studied Distilled water containing 0.036-0.36% of formaldehyde induced reverse mutation of Salmonella typhimurium histidine auxotroph strain TA100. Fresh water with 0.00036-0.036% formaldehyde increased frequency of tetrad micronuclei of Tradescantia paludosa. Fresh water with 0.0018-0.018% formaldehyde increased frequency of root cell micronuclei of Vicia faba. Sea water with 0.00018% formaldehyde added could kill larvae of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus within 45 minutes. Sea water with 0.0072% formaldehyde added could kill the larvae within 2 minutes. Sea water containing 0.0072% and 0.00018% formaldehyde could kill larvae of Mytilus edulis within 5 minutes and 48 hours respectively. The results showed that formaldehyde can induce base pairs substitution in DNA of S. typhimurium besides producing a synergetic effect and in sea water root cell of V. faba and larvae of H. pulcherrimus are suitable species for water pollution monitoring.