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研究简报

BIOLOGICALLY EFFECTIVE RADIATION OF SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AND THE DEPLETION OF OZONE LAYER

摘要：大气臭氧层吸收了强烈的太阳紫外线辐射,因而成为地球生命的有效保护层.氯氟烃和氧化亚氮等气体进入平流层后发生的一系列化学反应,造成了平流层中臭氧浓度的降低,这既会使到达地面的紫外线强度增加,破坏地球生态系统,又能加剧由二氧化碳等痕量气体增加而导致的温室效应.据观测,近二十年来全球范围的臭氧含量已平均减少了2％-3％.因此,臭氧层损耗已引起人们的广泛关注,研究大气臭氧浓度减少与紫外线生物危害效应的增加关系对保护人类健康和地球生态环境有着极其重要的意义.我们主要讨论了北京地区臭氧含量减少与紫外线生物有效辐射变化

Abstract：Since ozone effectively absorbs solar UV radiation, it is generally accepted that any depletion of the ozone layer will increase the level of UV radiation reaching the ground and may have a deleterious effect on life on the earth. Based on the biological action spectra and total UV-B radiation in the atmosphere, we have calculated the effective UV-dose for DNA, erythema, and plant at different seasons in the last decade, and forecasted their future changes in Beijing area. Computation results indicate that the maximum of biologically effective radiation dose at noontime is in July and the minimum is in January. From 1980 to 1989 biologically effective radiation dose have increased in January, April and October, while in July the trend of radiation dose is not in evidence. For 1 % reduction of ozone concentration, the radiation amplification factor (RAF) for DNA, erythema and plant are 2.3, 2.3, and 1.4,and for 30% reduction of ozone concertration the RAF for DNA, erythema and plant are 4.2, 4.0 and 2.1,respectively.