• 关键词：农药  喷洒  飘移  内飘移  蒸发

• 基金项目：国家民航总局研究项目

• 王军
• 中国民航总局第二研究所,成都 610041

• 摘要：通过田间试验,对装配GP-81扁扇型喷头的运-5飞机在水稻和棉花上喷洒农药中的药液损失进行了分析,同时讨论了2,4-D丁酯对敏感作物的影响。结果表明,一元三次方程Y=b₀+b₁X+b₂X²+b₃X³能很好地描述药液飘移与下风距离的关系,方程中的参数具有明确的实验意义,2,4-D丁酯对700m下风距离内的向日葵类高敏感植物有明显药害,对350m范围内的大豆等中等敏感植物也有药害;药液由于飘移和蒸发分别损失30%,内飘然移损失很轻微;沉积在植株上的有效药液量仅为40%;雾滴大小对药液损失有明显影响;作物类型强烈影响内飘移率。

• Abstract：By field trials, the spray liquid losses were studied during spraying the pesticide overthe rice and cotton fields by the Yun-5 aircraft with the GP-81 fan nozzle. The effect of 2,4-D butylester on the sensitive crops were discussed.As the results,the equation Y=b₀+b₁X+b₂X²+b₃X³ can well describe the relation between the pesticide drift and the distancedownwind,and the coefficients in the model have the clear meanings. The 2,4-D butyl es-ter has an obvious injury to the sunflower within 700 m distance downwind,also to the soy-bean within 350 m distance downwind.The spray liquids loss about 30%by drift and evap-oration,respectively,and the losses by endodrift are slight.The effective amounts of sprayliquids depositing on the crops are no more than 40%,The droplets size influences obviouslythe losses of spray liquids,and the type of crops influence significantly the endodrift rate.

• Key words：pesticide  spray  drift  endodrift  evaporation

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