• 关键词：时间域反射计(TDR)  溶质迁移  氮转化  土壤电导

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金

• 孙玉龙
• 河海大学水资源开发利用国家专业实验室,南京 210024

• 郝振纯
• 河海大学水资源开发利用国家专业实验室,南京 210024

• 陈启慧
• 河海大学水资源开发利用国家专业实验室,南京 210024

• 刘凌
• 河海大学水资源开发利用国家专业实验室,南京 210024

• 张和平
• 河海大学水资源开发利用国家专业实验室,南京 210024

• 摘要：对于沙壤土柱实验,用TDR(时间域反射计)结合土壤抽提液的溶质分析,研究了在非饱和灌溉条件下的硝化和NO₃^-的迁移。测得的土壤体电导率与土壤抽提液的电导率之比和土壤含水量成线性关系,籍此用TDR可以确定非饱和灌溉条件下土壤中溶质浓度的变化规律；硝化过程是在土壤表层的不连通的小孔隙中进行的,几乎不受水分运动的影响；由示踪剂Br-的入渗及土壤表层的NO₃^-(相当于TDR测得的电导率值)入渗分布得出,入渗是按活塞推移作用进行的,借此方法可以研究非饱和入渗的机理。

• Abstract：Unsaturated soil column experiment was conducted with measurement of soil water moisture and soil conductivity by Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) combined with analysis of soil extract solution. The ratio of conductivity of soil extract solution and soil bulk conductivity measured is linearly related to soil moisture. It shows that TDR can be used to measure the solute movement behavior of unsaturated soil irrigation system, in which nitrification occurs in discontinuous pores at surface layer of soil with litter regard to water movement. From the analysis of Br^-and NO₃^-(which is in agreement with conductivity measured by TDR) at upper layer of soil, infiltration process was found following piston movement mechanism. The method can be used to study the movement of water and solute in vandoze zone.

• Key words：time domain reflectometry  solute movement  nitrification  soil conductivity.

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