• 关键词：煤  潜在毒害微量元素  赋存状态  化学活动性  表生环境

• 基金项目：中国科学院“九五”重点基金;贵州省自然科学基金

• 冯新斌
• 中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳 550002

• 洪冰
• 中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳 550002

• 倪建宇
• 中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳 550002

• 洪业汤
• 中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳 550002

• 摘要：利用连续化学浸取实验方法,对采自贵州省二叠纪龙潭组的32个煤样中的10种潜在毒害微量元素的化学活动性进行了研究。结果表明:煤中Hg、As、Se、Cd、Cu、Pb等元素具有极强的化学活动性,其中平均83.8%的Hg、93.5%的As、80.3%的Se、63.3%的Cd、71.1%的Cu和86.8%的Pb可以被带出煤中而进入表生环境;煤中Zn的化学活动性次之,只有平均46.6%的Zn可能迁移进入环境中;Tl、Cr、Ni的化学活动性最差,平均可浸取比例分别是22.9%、19.7%和25.7%.煤中潜在毒害微量元素的化学活动性取决于其在煤中的赋存状态。存在于硫酸盐、碳酸盐、硫化物和部分有机相中的元素在风化过程中很容易被带出,而存在于硅酸盐矿物相中的元素在表生条件下是非常稳定的。

• Abstract：The mobility of 10 potentially toxic trace elements (PTTE) (As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,Se,Tl and Zn) from 32 coal samples of Longtan Group formed in Permian Period in Guizhou Province, China was investigated using sequential extraction procedures. The results demonstrate taht Hg, As, Se, Cd, Cu and pb have the highest mobility at surface conditions, and the average extractable fractions of them are 83 8%,93.5%,80.3%,63.3% 71.1% and 86.8% of the total, respectively. The elements in cloal with the lowest leachability include Tl, Cr, and Ni, and the average extractable fractions of them are 22 9%,19.7% and 25.7%, respectively. Zinc has an intermediate behavior, and the average leachable fraction is 46.6%. The results demonstrated that mobility of PTTE in coal depends on the mode of occurrence of these elements. The elements associated with sulfates, carbonates, sulfides and some organic matter in coal show the highest extraction rates during weathering process, while elements with silicate affinities are inert at surface conditions.

• Key words：coal  trace elements  modes of occurrence  chemical mobility  surface environment

• 
  摘要点击次数： 1579 全文下载次数： 2830