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研究论文

The distribution and change of F^- in the surface water and ground water of Tarim River

摘要：在塔里木河上游源流阿克苏河及其干流共设6个监测站, 进行了一个完整年度的水化学分析, 得出氟离子的分布规律为:(1)上游源流含量低, 年平均小于1.0mg/L, 干流含量高, 年平均大于1.0mg/L;(2)F^-含量高低与河水流量有密切关系, 夏季洪水期流量超过100m³/s, 含量低于1.0mg/L, 平水期和枯水期流量小于50m³/s, 含量高于10mg/L, 最高达3.5mg/L;(3)地下水中的F^-含量也很高, 绝大部分在1.0mg/L以上, 最高达4.58mg/L.造成塔里木河F^-含量增加的原因, 主要是大量高矿化度的农田排水泄入, 农田排水的矿化度在6.68—8.89g/L, 平均F^-含量4.5mg/L.要改善塔里木河水质, 必须控制向农田排水泄入.

Abstract：On the main stream of Tarim River, specially at its upper reach——Ak-Su River, 6 monitoring stations were set up, and water samples were collected for chemical analysis were carried out. The distribution of the F ion was obtained, The results showed: (1) The F content at the upper reach is low, annual mean value is lower than 1.0mg/L, but in the main stream, its contents is high, the annual mean value is bigger than 1 0mg/L. (2) The Fation content whether high or low, corresponds closely with the flow of river water, when the flow of the summer flood, the flow that overtops than 100m³/s, then the F+-content will be lowered than 1.0mg/L; at the normal flowage period, the flow is less that 50m³/s, the F+-content will be higher than 1 0mg/L, the highest reaches 3 53mg/L; (3) F-content in ground water is also very high, most parts are higher than 1.0mg/L, the highest reaches 4.58mg/L. The reason that caused the increasing of F content of Tarim River water, is mainly caused of flowing-in high mineralized farming-land draining water, their mineralizations mostly are within the extent of 6.68—8.89mg/L, and the average F-content reaches 4.5mg/L. In order to improve the quality of Tarim River water, the flowing-in of farming-land draining water must be strictly controlled.