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研究论文

廖斌,邓冬梅,杨兵,束文圣,林里,蓝崇钰.鸭跖草(Commelina communis)对铜的耐性和积累研究[J].环境科学学报,2003,23(6):797-801

摘要：采用溶液培养法,研究了生长于铜矿山上的鸭跖草(Commelinacommunis)和生长于正常土壤中的鸭跖草对Cu的耐性和吸收积累的差异.实验显示,随着溶液中Cu浓度的增加,生长于矿山的鸭跖草的干重、生长速率均增加,而生长于非矿山的鸭跖草的干重、生长速率降低,2种鸭跖草体内含Cu总量和根、茎、叶Cu含量均随着培养液Cu浓度的增加而增加,两者呈明显正相关.在相同Cu处理浓度下,矿山的鸭跖草体内Cu的含量高于非矿山的鸭跖草体内Cu含量;Cu在2种鸭跖草体内各器官的分布一致,均为根>茎>叶.在高Cu浓度处理下,矿山的鸭跖草地上部Cu含量根Cu含量的比值不超过1,但随着溶液中Cu浓度的增加而增加;而非矿山的鸭跖草除去对照处理(0.25μmolL)外,地上部Cu根Cu比值为40-240μmolL,随着溶液中Cu浓度的增加而增加,其比值超过了1,但到了320μmolL时开始急剧下降.结果表明矿山的鸭跖草已形成对Cu的耐性.

Abstract：Solution culture experiment was carried out to characterize differences in tolerance, uptake and accumulation of Cu between Commelina communis grown on mined area and grown on normal soil. The results showed that biomass, growing rate of Commelina communis from mining area increased with increasing external Cu levels, reached the maximum at Cu level of 160μmol/L in solution, plants grown from normal soil shawed the opposite trend, growing rate was obviously inhibited at Cu level of 80μmol/L in solution. Cu contents in plants and organs were also increased with increasing Cu supplying levels in solution, there was a significantl positive correlation in Cu concentration between plants and culture solution. However, plants from mining area accumulated Cu more than plants from normal soil.Cu concentration of plants was root>stem>leaf.Shoot/root Cu ratio for plants from mining area was less than 1, but increased during the high Cu concentrations in solution. Shoot/root Cu ration for plants grown on normal soil was more than 1 at Cu supplying levels from 40-240μmol/L in solution, but decreased sharply at Cu level of 320μmol/L. Our data suggested that Commelina communis from mining area has been evolved to Cu tolerant ecotype.