• 关键词：饱和黄土  ³H  Br^-  迁移  延迟  模拟

• 基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展规划(G1999043606);国家自然科学基金委员会;水利部黄河水利委员会黄河联合资助项目(50239010)

• 郭敏丽
• 北京师范大学环境学院, 地下水环境安全研究所, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875

• 王金生
• 北京师范大学环境学院, 地下水环境安全研究所, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875

• 李书绅
• 中国辐射防护研究院, 太原 030006

• 摘要：饱和黄土核素迁移实验表明, Br^-的迁移速度比³H快, 这种现象对核素的迁移研究具有重要意义, 但常用的模拟方法显然无法模拟出这种现象.利用实验参数并以水流流速为已知参数, 对实验数据进行了流速反推模拟, 结果显示, ³H和Br^-在饱和黄土的迁移中均存在延迟现象, 且³H的延迟大于Br^-, 模拟获得³H的延迟因子为195～205, Br^-为160～190.对常用模拟法和流速反推法计算结果进行了比较, 结果显示, 采用常用模拟法获得的水流流速存在较大误差.延迟因子的灵敏度分析结果显示, 延迟因子对³H和Br^-在饱和黄土中的迁移具有较大影响.

• Abstract：Tests of radionuclide migration in saturated loess soil showed that Br^- migrated faster than ³H, this phenomenon has significant implications in the study of radionuclide migration, but has not been determined by numerical models. In this paper we proposed a new method to determine the breakthrough curves of ³H and Br^- by obtaining the flow velocity from the tests. The results showed that the migration of both ³H and Br^- are retarded in saturated loess, and retardation factors of ³H range from 1.95 to 2.05, and Br^- from 1.60 to 1.90, respectively. Comparison of the common method and the proposed method showed that the former gives a larger error for the identification of groundwater velocity. In addition, sensitivity analysis of retardation factor indicated that retardation factor has important influence on ³H and Br^- migration in saturated loess soil.

• Key words：Saturated loess soil  ³H  Br^-  migration  retardation  simulation

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