• 关键词：耗氧性有机污染物  BOD5  高锰酸盐指数  泥沙  黄河

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金委员会、水利部黄河水利委员会黄河联合研究基金项目(50239010);水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室开放基金(2003B2004);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(No.G1999043605)

• 夏星辉
• 北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875

• 王然
• 北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875

• 孟丽红
• 北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875

• 摘要：对黄河干流1980,1992～1999年耗氧性有机物污染监测数据进行了分析, 并通过对高锰酸盐指数(COD_Mn)与泥沙含量监测数据间的相关分析和模拟实验研究, 探讨了泥沙对COD_Mn测定的影响。 结果表明:(1)由于泥沙中腐殖质的成分之一富里酸能溶解于酸, 在水样加酸处理过程中将进入水相, 且富里酸能被化学氧化剂所氧化, 但在自然条件下很难发生生物氧化和消耗水体的溶解氧, 因此, 由于泥沙的影响, COD_Mn夸大了耗氧性有机物的污染; (2

• Abstract：Contamination of oxygen-consuming organics (OCOs) was one of the most serious problems in the Yellow River. This study was conducted with the purpose of analyzing the monitoring data on OCOs contamination for the river in 1980 and from 1992 to 1999 as well as examining the effect of suspended solids (SS) on chemical oxygen demand (COD_Mn) and biological oxygen demand (BOD₅) of river water. Several significant results had arisen from the study. First, the fulvic acid, one of the main composition of humic substances in SS, could hardly be biodegraded in natural conditions. However, it could be dissolved into water phase when pre-treating water sample with acid, and could also be oxidized by chemical oxidants such as potassium permanganate. Therefore, COD_Mn would exaggerate the pollution degree of OCOs in river water due to a high SS content. Second, BOD₅ of the river water showed an increasing trend from the higher to the lower reaches of the mainstream. Third, annual averages of BOD₅ of river water in 1992 were significantly higher than those in 1980 and they showed an increasing trend from 1992 to 1999. In low-water season, the averages of BOD₅ showed an increasing trend from 1992 to 1999; while in high-water season, the increasing trend was not significant. Therefore, it indicated that the load from point sources showed an increasing trend during 1992 to 1998. In contrast, the load from non-point sources did not show an increasing trend, and even manifested a decreasing trend during this period. Fourth, OCOs in river water of the mainstream was attributed mainly to point sources; the ratio of point to non-point sources of BOD₅ was about 2.81.

• Key words：oxygen-consuming organics  contamination  point sources  non-point sources  suspended solids  Yellow River

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