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大气环境

张元勋,李德禄,李爱国,·陆文忠,王荫淞,李燕,张桂林,张元茂,郑叶飞,山祖慈,韩婷,丁文斌.ACCU采样和PIXE技术用于PM₁₀污染溯源的研究[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(2):155-159

Source identification of PM₁₀ aerosol samples by ACCU sampler and PIXE technique

摘要：使用美国RP公司生产的多通道自动采样系统(ACCU)在上海吴淞工业区进行冬季3个月8个不同风向的PM₁₀采样;使用质子激发X荧光发射方法(PIXE)测定颗粒物中18个无机元素浓度.结果发现,8个风向的质量浓度分布取决于不同方位的大气质量状况.将大气颗粒物中的元素浓度作为环境污染指纹,8个方位的无机元素浓度分布与采样点周围的居民住宅、道路交通和工矿企业的排放密切相关,表明该方法能准确地确定排放源的范围和污染来源.研究结果表明,ACCU采样系统和PIXE分析技术的优化组合可为大气污染溯源、治理和改善环境空气质量提供一种快速和准确可靠的新方法.

Abstract：The samples of PM₁₀ inhalable particulate matter with eight directions of wind had been collected at a representative site of Wu Song industrial district in Shanghai in winter using Automated Cartridge Collection Unit (ACCU) of Rupprecht & Patashnick Co. The samples were analyzed to determine the average concentrations of eighteen elements by means of the Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE). The results showed that the mass distribution of particulate matter in different directions depends on the environmental air quality. As the elemental fingerprint study of environmental pollution, spatial variation of elemental concentrations was closely related with the residential dense, the vehicle traffic, and the exhausts of refineries, chemicals and steel factories around the sampling site. It was demonstrated that the excellent combination of ACCUsampler and PIXEtechnique provided a fast and accurate means for environmental source detected.