大气环境
段晓男,王效科,冯兆忠,欧阳志云.内蒙古河套灌区春小麦苗期生态系统CO2通量变化研究[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(2):166-171
内蒙古河套灌区春小麦苗期生态系统CO2通量变化研究
- Study of net ecosystem exchange for seedling stage of spring wheat ecosystem in Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金(30070149和30230090);中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX1SW0117)
- 作者
- 单位
- 段晓男
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心系统生态重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 王效科
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心系统生态重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 冯兆忠
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心系统生态重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 欧阳志云
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心系统生态重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 摘要：在内蒙古河套灌区用连续自动采样箱的方法对不同施肥方式下的春小麦生态系统CO2净交换(NEE)进行观测,发现苗期(出苗—拔节期)春小麦生态系统主要是一个CO2净交换逐渐增大,固定碳逐渐增加的过程.在速效肥条件下,春小麦生态系统苗期CO2净交换的变化为-390.20～901.2mg·m-2·d-1,日呼吸量在-800.35～-5865.2mg·m-2·d-1;缓释肥负荷下CO2净交换变化为-206.00～1258.3mg·m-2·d-1,日呼吸量在-407.02～-4986.5mg·m-2·d-1."-"表示从生态系统中丢失碳.从CO2净交换中减去生态系统的呼吸速率就得到植物的光合速率.采取缓释的施肥方式可以减少苗期CO2释放.此外,用气象因子包括瞬时光合有效辐射(PAR)、空气温度和土壤温度等对光合速率和呼吸速率构建简单的模型去模拟CO2通量的变化速率.结果表明,PAR与大气温度和10cm土壤温度分别是制约苗期春小麦生态系统呼吸和光合速率的主要因素.
- Abstract：Spring wheat(Triticum aestivum. L) is the most common crop in Hetao Irrigation District with the sown area of 11.13×108hm2. So the study on carbon cycling in spring wheat ecosystem can help us understanding the mechanism and processes of agriculture ecosystems in arid and semi-arid area.The dynamic carbon balance was constructed for the seedling stage of spring wheat applied with two types of N fertilizer by automatic box sampling method,based on static chamber technique of continuous measuration in Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia. Results showed that net ecosystem exchange ( NEE) in creased with the growth of spring wheat in seedling stage. Applied with quick act fertilizer, the daily NEE ranged from - 390.20~ 901.25mg·m-2·d-1, and thedaily ecosystem respiration were between - 800.35 and - 5865.22mg·m-2·d-1With Applying slow released fertilizer, the daily NEE ranged from - 206.00 to1258.36mg·m-2·d-1, and the daily ecosystem respiration were between -407. 02 and -4986. 52mg·m-2·d-1. The negative values represented a loss of carbon from the agricultural ecosystem. NEE and respiration data w ere used to derive photosynthesis rate of spring wheat at this site. It could emit less CO2 with the slow released fertilizer than the fast act fertilizer. A simple model, with the climate factors including PAR、air and soil temperature to generate rates of photosynthesis and respiration, was constructed to simulate the carbon cycling rates. The result could indicate that PAR, air temperature and soil temperature at 10 cm were the major factors to affect photosynthesis and respiration rate respectively.
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