环境毒理与生态毒理
李桂英,唐小玲,毕新慧,易菲,盛国英,傅家谟.广州市不同粒径大气颗粒物有机提取物的致突变性研究[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(3):319-323
广州市不同粒径大气颗粒物有机提取物的致突变性研究
- Composition and mutagenicity of particle-sized fractions from urban particlate matter in Guangzhou City
- 基金项目：中国科学院广州地球化学研究所知识创新工程(GIGCX03030311106);广东省自然科学基金(C4002146);瑞典国际科学基金项目(W36351)
- 作者
- 单位
- 李桂英
- 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 广州 510640
- 唐小玲
- 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 广州 510640
- 毕新慧
- 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 广州 510640
- 易菲
- 广州医学院化学致癌研究所, 广州 510182
- 盛国英
- 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 广州 510640
- 傅家谟
- 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室, 广州 510640
- 摘要：为了了解广州市大气气溶胶中不同粒径颗粒物中有机物的污染水平以及其对人体健康的影响,用6段分级采样器分段采集<PM10的广州市荔湾区气溶胶,分别用GC-MS和Ames试验测定不同粒径颗粒物中多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量和有机抽提物的致突变性.结果表明,在广州大气中共检测到42种PAHs,其中16种EPA优控PAHs中有15种均在检出之列.且高环数PAHs占总PAHs的质量百分比随着颗粒物粒径的减小而增加.Ames测定表明,TA98菌株在加与不加S9活化系统时样品均出现阳性诱变反应并存在剂量反应关系.且随着颗粒物粒径的逐渐减小,抽提物的致突性越强.在加或不加S9时,1μg和1m3空气的致突性也均随着颗粒物粒径的减小而增强,且粒径较小的气溶胶样品中含有较多的直接致突变物.
- Abstract：The particulate samples were collected from the atmosphere in LiWan district (Guangzhou) by using Andersen model SA235 high volume cascade impactor. The aerosol particles were separated into six fractions (five stages and a backup filter). The concentrations of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured by GC-MS, and the mutagenicity of urban particulate matter was measured by using the standard plate incorporation test on Salmonella typhimurium. The results showed that, fourty-two individual PAHs were identified, including 15 kind of priority controlled PAHs which account for more than 60% of total PAHs in the samples. Furthermore, the concentrations of some four-ring and all more than five rings PAHs increased as the particle size decreased. The Ames test results showed that all the extracts from various size airborne particles appeared the mutagenicity in the condition with or without S9 And the finer the particulate matter was, the greater the mutagenicity was. Moreover, similar mutagenic potency (mutagenicity per μg and per m3) trend also existed. Both indirect and direct acting mutagenicity were also observed. There were more indirect-acting mutagens in 1.5～10 μm particulate matter, and more direct-acting mutagens in 0.95～1.5 μm, 0.49～0.95 μm and <0.49 μm particulate matter.
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