• 关键词：膜生物反应器(MBR)  膜污染  机理  原子力显微镜(AFM)

• 基金项目：高校优秀青年教师教学科研奖励计划;973国家重点研究发展计划(编号:2004CB418505)

• 赵方波
• 哈尔滨工业大学 市政环境工程学院, 哈尔滨 150090

• 于水利
• 哈尔滨工业大学 市政环境工程学院, 哈尔滨 150090

• 荆国林
• 哈尔滨工业大学 市政环境工程学院, 哈尔滨 150090

• 李谦
• 哈尔滨工业大学 市政环境工程学院, 哈尔滨 150090

• 张洪杰
• 哈尔滨工业大学 市政环境工程学院, 哈尔滨 150090

• 摘要：为减小微生物絮体对膜的污染,设计了一种具有沉降室的膜生物反应器,膜A与膜B分别淹没在上清液和污泥混合液中以相同的抽吸方式运行.与预期结果相反,膜A比膜B的污染速度还快.为探讨膜污染机理,考察了污泥混合液中不同组分对膜污染的影响,利用扫描电镜和原子力显微镜分析了膜面污染层的特征.结果发现,在污泥混合液与上清液中膜面污染层在微观结构上存在显著差异,其方差平均粗糙度Rms分别为132.3nm和75.2nm.经膜污染机理分析认为:微生物絮体和大分子有机物会在膜面形成污染层,该污染层作为“二次膜”影响膜过滤性能.上清液中细小的微生物絮体和大分子有机物形成的污染层相对致密,会加剧膜污染.

• Abstract：Aspecial membrane bioreactor was designed which had a settlement tank in order to remove the microbial flocs and reduce the membrane fouling. The membrane Aand membrane Bwere submerged in the mixed activated sludge liquor and supernatant liquor, respectively. The two membrane modules were operated under the same suction condition. Unexpectedly, the fouling rate of membrane Awas faster than that of membrane B. In order to investigate the mechanism of membrane fouling, effects of different components on membrane fouling were analyzed. In addition, the fouled layers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. It was found that the microstructures of the fouled layers formed in the mixed activated sludge liquor and supernatant liquor showed great differences. The square roughness Rms of the layers were 132.3nm and 75.2nm, respectively. According to the mechanism analysis, it was proposed that the microbial flocs as well as the macromolecular organic compounds could form a fouled layer as a “second membrane” on the membrane surface, which could impact the filterability of the membrane. In the supernatant liquor, the smaller flocs coupled with macromolecular organic compounds could form a more compact fouled layer and cause severer membrane fouling.

• Key words：membrane bioreactor(MBR)  membrane fouling  mechanism  atomic force microscopy (AFM)

• 
  摘要点击次数： 2060 全文下载次数： 3552