特别选题
杨志峰,刘静玲,肖芳,姜杰,林超.海河流域河流生态基流量整合计算[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(4):442-448
海河流域河流生态基流量整合计算
- Conformity calculation of river ecological basic flows in the Hai He River Basin
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金重点项目(50239020);国家技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2003AA601010)
- 作者
- 单位
- 杨志峰
- 1. 北京师范大学环境学院Π水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100875; 2. 水沙科学教育部重点实验室, 北京 100875
- 刘静玲
- 北京师范大学环境学院Π水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
- 肖芳
- 北京师范大学环境学院Π水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
- 姜杰
- 北京师范大学环境学院Π水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
- 林超
- 水利部海河水利委员会, 天津 300170
- 摘要：以海河流域为对象,对河流生态基流量整合计算模型进行了实例研究,提出了海河流域生态基流量的整合计算的基本原则,即:分阶段恢复原则、恢复模式原则、等级制原则和时空优化配置原则.海河流域生态环境恢复对象包括24条河段和12块湿地.根据河流生态基流量整合计算模型,计算得到海河流域的河流生态基流量:高方案为212.52×108m3·a-1,中方案为131.79×108m3·a-1,低方案为69.32×108m3·a-1.并计算3年内不同月份的生态基流量.在高中低方案中,生态基流量的最大值均在8月份,最小值均在2月份,按照从大至小的顺序依次为:8月份、7月份、9月份、6月份、10月份、5月份、11月份、4月份、3月份、12月份、1月份、2月份.建议管理部门首先保证低方案的生态基流量,充分关注枯水年份和枯水季节的生态基流量,加强监测和管理生态敏感性强的河段、湿地和河口.
- Abstract：Conformity calculation of river ecological basic flows in the Hai He river basin was analyzed as an example. The prominent principles of calculation based on the Hai He River environmental problems were phase-recovery, restoration patterns, grading and space-time optimal allocation. The objects on river ecological basic flow of Hai He river basin included 24 reaches and 12 wetlands. According to the calculation on ecological basic flow of every subsystem, the month and year ecological basic flow of study objects was calculated. On the basis of conformity models, the ecological basic flows of Hai He river basin were 212.52×108 m3·a-1 in high objective, 131.79×108 m3·a-1 in middle objective and 69.32×108 m3·a-1 in low objective, respectively. For the high, middle and low objectives the ecological basic flows per month were changed. The maximum ecological basic flows appeared in August and minimum ecological basic flows in February. The order of the ecological basic flows from maximum to minimum was August, July, September, June, October, May, November, April, March, December, January, and February. It was advised that the management department should firstly guarantee the ecological basic flows in low objective, pay enough attention to the ecological basic flows in low water year and reason at the same time, and also enhance the monitoring and management of wetlands and estuaries in high ecological sensitivity.
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