专论与综述
彭永臻,高守有.分子生物学技术在污水处理微生物检测中的应用[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(9):1143-1147
分子生物学技术在污水处理微生物检测中的应用
- The applications of molecular biological tools to microbial ecosystem analyses in wastewater treatment process
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金(No.50521140075);国家"863"重大科技专项项目(No.2003AA601010)
- 作者
- 单位
- 彭永臻
- 1. 哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院, 哈尔滨 150090; 2. 北京工业大学北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室, 北京 100022
- 高守有
- 哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院, 哈尔滨 150090
- 摘要：对现代分子生物学技术在污水生物处理系统微生物检测和群落分析中的应用进行了系统总结,重点对应用较多的PCR技术、FISH技术进行了介绍并对其优缺点进行了探讨.通过对生物处理系统中微生物检测和生态学研究,可以分析确定系统中功能微生物的数量,群体结构和活性,从而实现构建人工强化生态系统,提高废水生物处理效率的目的.分析认为,以DNA序列和相关的结构基因为基础的分子生物学技术已经在污水生物处理系统的种群分析方面得到了广泛和成功的应用,而且必将会对深入认识和优化污水生物处理过程,加快新工艺的开发和应用以及强化处理工艺的过程控制方面起到更大的作用.
- Abstract：The use of molecular biological tools to microorganism detections and community analyses in the biological wastewater treatment process had been discussed, and the major points were put on the more frequently used techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The advantages and disadvantages of each technique were analyzed. Through the detections and analyses, the information of the amounts, the community structures and the activities of the microorganism in the system could be abtained, so these informations can be used to build enhanced ecosystem and to strengthen the efficiency of the existed system. It is believed that, the molecular biological tools based on the DNAsequences and the relevant structure genes have been successfully used in community analyses in the biological wastewater treatment process, and will surely help to get a deeper insight into and optimize the biological treatment process. Furthermore, it will promote the developments and applications of novel techniques, and play an even more important role in the process controlling of the biological wastewater treatments.
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