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污染物环境暴露与生态毒理

黄虹,李顺诚,曹军骥,邹长伟,陈新庚,范绍佳.广州市夏季室内外PM_2.5中有机碳、元素碳的分布特征[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(9):1242-1249

Characterization of indoor/outdoor organic and elemental carbon in PM_2.5 during summer in Guangzhou city

摘要：2004年7～8月在广州市9个采样点的室内、室室外同步采集了PM_2.5样品,采用热光反射碳分析仪分析得到OC、EC的质量浓度,对OC、EC污染水平、空间分布、室内室外质量浓度关系、OCEC质量浓度关系及二次有机碳等特征进行了深入细致的分析研究.结果表明,OC室内、外平均质量浓度为17.3和19.9μg·m^-3,EC室内、室外平均质量浓度为6.5和6.6μg·m^-3,总碳气溶胶占PM_2.5质量的50%以上;在不同类型采样点OC、EC质量浓度存在区别;室内环境中OC、EC质量浓度相关性显著,室外环境中OC、EC质量浓度相关性不显著;OC、EC质量浓度比ρ(OC)ρ(EC)超过2;室内、室外PM_2.5中二次有机碳质量浓度是7.6和10.0μg·m^-3,占总有机碳的比率为43.8%、45.5%.

Abstract：Daily (24-h average) PM_2.5 (aerodynamic diameter < 2.5μm) were collected inside and outside nine residences simultaneously in Guangzhou city during July and August 2004, and were analyzed for organic and elemental carbon (OCand EC) by thermal/optical reflectance (TOR) following IMPROVEprotocol. The characters such as pollution levels, spatial distributions, relationships of indoor/outdoor OCand EC, and secondary OCwere discussed in details. The average indoor and outdoor concentrations of OCin Guangzhou were 17.3 gm^-3 and 19.9 gm^-3, respectively; while ECwere 6.5 gm^-3 and 6.6 gm^-3, respectively. The carbonaceous aerosol accounted for 52.0% and 56.6%, of indoor and outdoor PM_2.5, respectively,. Spatial differences of OCand ECconcentrations were found in different environments. High OC-ECcorrelations were found indoors, while low correlations were found for OCand ECoutdoors. The average OC/ECratios were larger than_2. The estimated concentrations of secondary organic carbon of PM_2.5 were 7.6 gm^-3 and 10.0 gm^-3, indoors and outdoors, respectively, which contributed 43.8% and 45.5% to the total OCin PM_2.5.