• 关键词：天津  河流  沉积物  多环芳烃  污染物  地球化学

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.40332015);国家自然科学基金项目(No.40473045)

• 张枝焕
• 1. 中国石油大学资源与信息学院石油天然气成藏机理教育部重点实验室, 北京 102200; 2. 北京大学地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871

• 陶澍
• 1. 北京大学地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871; 2. 天津市环保局, 天津 300191

• 沈伟然
• 天津市环保局, 天津 300191

• 施治
• 北京大学地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871

• 叶必雄
• 中国石油大学资源与信息学院石油天然气成藏机理教育部重点实验室, 北京 102200

• 吴水平
• 北京大学地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871

• 潘波
• 北京大学地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871

• 张震
• 天津市环保局, 天津 300191

• 李玉
• 天津市环保局, 天津 300191

• 丁立强
• 天津市环保局, 天津 300191

• 摘要：对天津地区海河、北运河、潮白新河、北京排污河、永定新河、蓟运河、北塘排污河(北排污河)、大沽排污河(南排污河)和南运河等9条具代表性河流的沉积物样品进行了分析检测.结果表明,不同河流沉积物样品中均分布有多种类型的烃类污染物,已经检测到的多环芳烃化合物主要包括萘、苊、苊烯、联苯、菲、惹烯、芴、二苯并呋喃(氧芴)、二苯并噻吩(硫芴)、荧蒽、芘、、苯并芴、苯并蒽、苯并荧蒽、苯并芘、、二苯并[a,h]蒽、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘、苯并[g,h,i]等系列多种单体化合物,相对含量较高的主要有菲、甲基菲、荧蒽、芘、等;不同河流或同一河流不同河段沉积物中有机物和烃类污染物含量及组成均存在较大差别,其中北塘排污河、大沽排污河和南运河有机物和烃类污染物含量较高,海河及津北地区的潮白新河、蓟运河、北京排污河、永定新河有机物和烃类含量较低;津北地区河流沉积物中烷基取代物与多环芳烃母体化合物的相对比值较低,且从上游到下游有增大的趋势,海河、南北排污河、南运河沉积物中该比值相对较高,且从城区河段到下游有降低的趋势;不同河流沉积物中四环芳烃相对含量变化不明显,但四环以上芳烃化合物变化比较明显,其中海河、南北排污河及南运河沉积物中四环以上芳烃化合物的相对含量较低,津北地区北运河、潮白新河、北京排污河、永定新河的相对含量较高.由此推测,城区及津南地区的南北排污河、南运河多环芳烃中石油烃贡献相对较大,津北地区北京排污河、潮白新河、蓟运河和永定新河沉积物中石油烃污染源贡献相对较小,大气沉降物的贡献相对较大.

• Abstract：Bottom sediment samples were collected from a number of rivers including Caobai New River, Ji Canal, Beijing Sewage Channel, North Canal, Yongding New River, Haihe River, Beitang Sewage Channel, Dagu Sewage Channel and South Canal in Tianjin. Aseries of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds (PAHs), including naphthalene, acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, biphenyl, phenanthrene, retene, fluorine, diphenylene oxide (dibenzofuran), dibenzothiophene, fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene, benzfluorene, benzanthracene, benzo-fluoranthene, benzopyrene, perylene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, benzo[g,h,i] perilene, triaromatic-terpane and their homologous compound, were measured. The contents of phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene, and methyl-phenanthrene were relatively high. The contents, statistical distributions and PAHprofiles in the sediment samples from various rivers with different geographic locations, surrounding environment and potential pollution sources were different significantly. The levels of PAHs and other organic pollutants in the sediment samples from Beitang Sewage Channel, Dagu Sewage Channel and South Canal were higher than those from Haihe River, Caobai New River, Ji Canal, Beijing Sewage Channel and Yongding New River. The radio of methylated species to parent nucleus compositions of PAHs was relatively larger in the sediments from the rivers of northern Tianjin. The ratio increased from upstream to downstream in these rivers in general. The ratio was relatively low in the sediment samples from Haihe River, Beitang Sewage Channel, Dagu Sewage Channel and South Canal, which decreased from upstream down. There was no appreciable distinction in relative contents of tetracyclic-aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in sediments between these rivers. But the relative contents of pentacyclic-and hexacyclic-aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in sediments showed obvious difference among the rivers, which were higher in northern rivers such as North Canal, Caobai New River, Beijing Sewage Channel and Yongding New River than those in Haihe River, Beitang Sewage Channel, Dagu Sewage Channel and South Canal. Therefore, it is suggested that there were diversified sources of PAHs in these rivers. The proportion of oil hydrocarbon source was relatively high in Beitang and Dagu Sewage Channels and low in northern rivers such as Caobai New River, Ji Canal, Beijing Sewage Channel, North Canal and Yongding New River

• Key words：river  sediment  polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon  pollutant  geochemistry

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