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Driving effect analysis of road networks on regional land use change in Lancangjiang river valley

摘要：道路网络的存在和扩展影响着周边土地利用的格局,辨析其驱动效应对道路及生态管理具有重要意义.选取澜沧江流域典型山地生态系统为研究区域,以景洪市为案例区,通过解译和地理信息系统分析不同时期的遥感数据,研究了案例区所在的县域和道路影响域的土地利用变化规律.结果表明,1980～2000年间,道路两侧不同缓冲区的林地、灌丛有所减少,而建设用地和旱地面积的增加超过了10%;以2000年为例,土地利用格局的Shannon多样性、Simpson均匀度和斑块密度指数随道路缓冲距离增加而降低.100m缓冲距离情况下,3个指数为2.04,0.83和5845个·km^-2,而1000m分别为1.92,0.81和599个·km^-2,人工干扰指数也从46.6%下降到34.4%,而且格局指数和人工干扰指数都是2000年大于1980年.景观格局和人工干扰的时空分析表明,道路网络对区域土地利用的驱动作用随着距离道路的远近和时间有明显的变化土地利用转移矩阵分析表明,灌丛、林地、旱地受到建设用地转移驱动最大.

Abstract：Existence and extension of road networks affect adjunct landuse pattern and process. Based on remote sensing interpretation and GIS analysis,In this paper, the land use change in the road effect zone and the region of different period were analyzed. The case study area was chosen in Jinghong County which belongs to typical mountain ecosystem and lies in Lancangjiang River valley. The result showed that forest and shrub land decreased while building land use and farmland increased more than 10% both in the road effect zone and the county region from 1980 to 2000. Taking 2000 as an example, the Shannon index, Simpson index and patch density of land uses decreased from 2.04,0.83 and 5845 km^-2 of 100m buffer to 1.92,0.81 and 599 km^-2 of 1000m buffer. Compared with 1980, the human-disturbed index and the diversity index increased in 2000.The diversity index and the human-disturbed index analysis showed that driving effects of road networks decreased with the buffer distances increase and time. Further analysis of transfer matrix of land use showed that shrub land, forest and farmland were most driven by constructed land.