特别选题
杨胜天,程红光,步青松,张建永,史晓新.全国土壤侵蚀量估算及其在吸附态氮磷流失量匡算中的应用[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(3):366-374
全国土壤侵蚀量估算及其在吸附态氮磷流失量匡算中的应用
- Estimation of soil erosion and its application in assessment of the absorbed nitrogen and phosphorus load in China
- 基金项目：国家重点自然科学基金项目(No.40335046);国家自然科学基金项目(No.40471127)
- 作者
- 单位
- 杨胜天
- 北京师范大学环境学院, 水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
- 程红光
- 北京师范大学环境学院, 水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
- 步青松
- 北京师范大学环境学院, 水环境模拟国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
- 张建永
- 水利部水利水电规划设计总院, 北京 100011
- 史晓新
- 水利部水利水电规划设计总院, 北京 100011
- 摘要：应用土壤流失方程(USLE),根据我国土壤水力侵蚀分类分级标准,建立了大尺度区域土壤侵蚀量的估算模型;基于GIS技术平台,利用土壤普查数据,构建了全国表层土壤氮磷含量数据库,完成了2000年全国境内水土流失影响下吸附态氮磷的流失量估算.经数据合理性分析验证后得出以下结论:(1)全国因水土流失引发的吸附态氮素和磷素的流失总量分别达到104.22×104t和34.65×104t;(2)长江、珠江和黄河三大流域的吸附态氮、磷流失量之和分别占全国总量的83%和89%,单
- Abstract：Based on the principle of the universal soil loss equation (USLE), a model was developed for estimating the loss load of soil erosion over a large scale. Applying GIS and soil data of the second soil survey in China, the loss loads of absorbed nitrogen and phosphorus were simulated and estimated for the year of 2000. There were three significant results. (1) The national loss loads of absorbed nitrogen and phosphorus were about 1,042,200 tons and 346,500 tons respectively in 2000. (2) The Yangtze River Basin, Zhujiang River Basin and Yellow River Basin together accounted for 83% and 89% of the national absorbed nitrogen and phosphorus loss loads, respectively, Loss loads for absorbed nitrogen and phosphorus from the unit grids (1km2) ranged from 6.0×10-4t to 0.53t and 2.1×10-4t and 0.13t. (3) The most polluted areas included the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the middle reaches of the Yellow River, the upper reaches of West Liaohe River, the upper reaches of the Hongshuihe and Westjiang rivers, and the lower reaches of Nujiang and Lancangjiang rivers.
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