• 关键词：垃圾渗滤液  UASB  A/O  短程硝化与反硝化  游离氨  FISH

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金国际重大合作项目(50521140075);北京市重点试验室开放基金;北京工业大学研究生科技基金

• 张树军
• 北京工业大学, 环境与能源工程学院, 北京 100022

• 彭永臻
• 北京工业大学, 环境与能源工程学院, 北京 100022

• 曾薇
• 北京工业大学, 环境与能源工程学院, 北京 100022

• 郑淑文
• 北京工业大学, 环境与能源工程学院, 北京 100022

• 周利
• 青岛理工大学环境与市政学院, 青岛 266033

• 摘要：采用“两级UASB-缺氧-好氧系统”处理高COD与高NH₄⁺-N的城市生活垃圾渗滤液.180天的试验结果表明:UASB1(一级UASB)与UASB2(二级UASB)最大COD去除速率分别为12.5、8.5kg·m^-3·d^-1,UASB1的NO_x^--N的最大去除速率为3.0kg·m^-3·d^-1.系统COD去除率为80%～92%,出水COD为800～1500mg·L^-1.原渗滤液的NH₄⁺-N为1100～2000mg·L^-1,A/O工艺的最大NH₄⁺-N去除速率为0.68kg·m^-3·d^-1;在17～30℃,通过NO₂^--N累积率为90%～99%的短程硝化,NH₄⁺-N的去除率在99%左右,出水NH₄⁺-N小于15mg·L^-1.回流处理水和二沉池回流污泥中的NO_x^--N分别在UASB1和A/O工艺的缺氧段实现完全反硝化,使系统无机氮TIN去除率达80%～92%.同时高效的反硝化为硝化提供了充足的碱度,使A/O工艺pH大于8.5,维持较高的游离氨浓度,结果表明,高游离氨(FA)是导致短程硝化的主要因素.以pH作为控制参数调控A/O工艺的曝气时间,可以有效的抑制亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)的增长,实现种群优化和稳定的短程硝化.

• Abstract：A system consisted of two-stage UASB-Anoxic/Oxic reactor (A/O) was used to treat municipal landfill leachate with high COD and ammonia concentration. The 180 days operational results showed that the maximum organic removal rate in UASB1 and UASB2 was 12.5 and 8.5 kg·m^-3·d^-1, respectively. The maximum NO_x-N removal rate in UASB1 was 3.0 kg·m^-3·d^-1. COD removal efficiency of the system was 80%～92% with effluent COD of 800～1500 mg·L^-1. At the raw NH₄⁺-N of 1100～2000 mg·L^-1, the maximum NH₄⁺-N removal rate was 0.68 kg·m^-3·d^-1. At 17～30℃, the NH₄⁺-N removal efficiency was about 99% by nitritation with effluent NH₄⁺-N less than 15 mg·L^-1. The NO_x-N in recirculated effluent and return sludge was completely denitrified in the UASB1 and anoxic zone of A/O reactor, respectively. The total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal efficiency was 80%～92%. Due to the alkalinity supplement from complete denitrification, pH was more than 8.5 causing the maintenance of high-strength free ammonia (FA) in the A/O reactor. High-strength FA was a main reason resulting in nitritation. The aeration time in the A/O was adjusted by using pH as controlling parameter to achieve microbiological community optimization; meanwhile the stable nitritation was attained.

• Key words：municipal landfill leachate  UASB  A/O  high ammonia  nitritation and denitritation  free ammonia  FISH

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