• 关键词：高分子重金属絮凝剂  两性聚电解质  等电点  含镍废水  螯合沉淀

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No20377020)

• 王刚
• 兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070

• 常青
• 兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院, 兰州 730070

• 摘要：以聚乙烯亚胺、NaOH、CS₂为原料,在一定条件下合成了一种新型两性高分子重金属絮凝剂——聚乙烯亚胺基黄原酸钠(PEX),研究了其捕集Ni²⁺及除浊性能,并对几个影响因素作了考察.实验结果表明:(1)该絮凝剂对Ni²⁺有很好的捕集功能,Ni²⁺的最高去除率可达99%以上;(2)pH值对PEX投加量有一定的影响,但对Ni²⁺的最高去除率影响不大;(3)水中存在碱金属或碱土金属离子时在一定程度上会促进Ni²⁺的去除;(4)当有Fe³⁺存在时,在较低pH值下会明显降低Ni²⁺的去除,但当pH值升高时对Ni²⁺的去除有促进作用;(5)Cl^-与NO₃^-的存在可促进PEX对Ni²⁺的去除,而SO₄^2-的存在对Ni²⁺的去除有抑制作用,需增加投药量才能得到较好的去除;(6)Ni²⁺和致浊物质共存时,会互相影响彼此的去除.

• Abstract：Anovel water-soluble amphoteric macromolecule heavy metal flocculant polyethyleneimine-sodium xanthogente (PEX) has been synthesized by reacting polyethyleneimine with CS₂ in alkaline medium. In jar tests, the flocculation performance of PEXwas evaluated by using wastewater which contains Ni²⁺ or/and turbidity. Some factors which affect the removal of Ni²⁺ and turbidity were also studied. The experimental results showed that: (1) PEXhad strong binding capabilities with Ni²⁺. The highest removal rate of Ni²⁺ reached above 99%. (2) The pHvalue had some effect on the dosage of PEX, but little effect on the highest removal rate of Ni²⁺. (3) The existence of alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal ions in wastewater could promote the removal of Ni²⁺ to some extent. (4) When there were Fe³⁺ ions in wastewater, the removal rate of Ni²⁺ would decrease evidently at lower pHvalue, and the existence of Fe³⁺ ions would promote the removal of Ni²⁺ with pHvalue increasing. (5) The existence of Cl^- or NO₃^- ions in wastewater could promote the removal of Ni²⁺, but SO₄^2- ions would depress the removal of Ni²⁺. (6) Ni²⁺ and turbidity-causing substance effected the removal of each other in the co-existing system of heavy metal ions and turbidity.

• Key words：macromolecule heavy metal flocculant  amphoteric polyelectrolyte  isoelectric point  nickel wastewater  chelation precipetation

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