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区域环境与生态

Study on the precipitation chemistry and atmospheric transport at the Mount Taishan

摘要：为了解泰山降水的化学组成特征及其来源,于2004年7月至12月间在泰山上采集了23场降水样品,进行了pH值、电导率的测定、主要水溶性阴阳离子的分析以及每场降水的后推气流轨迹分析.结果表明,降水pH的雨量加权均值为4.74,电导率的雨量加权均值为2.26mS·m^-1,泰山降水已受到酸性污染;降水中浓度较高的阳离子是NH₄⁺和Ca²⁺,雨量加权均值浓度分别为50.62和29.04μeq·L^-1,浓度较高的阴离子是SO₄^2-和NO₃^-,雨量加权均值浓度分别为70.32和23.44μeq·L^-1;SO₄^2-/NO₃^-、NH₄⁺/Ca²⁺当量浓度比的平均值依次为3.41、2.13.对降水的化学组成作了相关性分析,发现NH₄⁺、Ca²⁺、SO₄^2-、NO₃^-浓度之间具有很好的相关性;通过气流轨迹分析发现酸性最强的降水气团来自于我国的南部地区或沿途经过华东地区,离子浓度最高的降水气团来自于我国的北部地区或欧洲大陆,来自东亚地区的降水气团的离子浓度最低.

Abstract：23 samples were collected at the summit of the Mount Taishan from July to December in 2004. The precipitation pH value, electrical conductivity and major water-soluble ions were measured and back trajectories of precipitation events were analyzed. The results showed that the volume-weigh pH value of the samples was 4.74, the volume-weigh electrical conductivity was 2.26 mS·m^-1 which proved that the precipitation at the Mount Taishan has been acidified seriously. The concentrations of ammonium, calcium, sulfate and nitrate in precipitation were 50.62, 29.04, 70.32, 23.44μeq·L^-1, respectively. The value of SO₄^2- /NO₃^- and NH₄⁺/Ca²⁺ were 3.41, 2.13. The correlation analysis of chemical composition reveals that the correlation coefficients between ammonium, calcium, sulfate, nitrate were comparatively high. The analysis of back trajectory suggested that the precipitations with strong acidities mainly induced by air masses originated from southern and eastern China, while those from northwestern China contains the highest ion concentrations. And rain events brought by East Asia air masses with the lowest ion concentrations as expected.

Key words：Mount Taishan precipitation chemistry correlation analysis back trajectory