污染控制技术及原理
王立立,凌霄,胡勇有.低温下处理生活污水的厌氧膜床水解作用研究[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(4):554-561
低温下处理生活污水的厌氧膜床水解作用研究
- The hydrolytic performance of special anaerobic film bed (SAFB) on domestic sewage treatment at low temperatures
- 关键词：厌氧膜床(SAFB) 水解 低温 生活污水
- 基金项目：广州市科技局科技攻关重大项目(No2002Z1-E0022);广州市环保局市级污染防治专项资金项目(No2000-001)
- 作者
- 单位
- 王立立
- 暨南大学环境工程系, 广州510632
- 凌霄
- 广东省城乡规划设计研究院, 广州510045
- 胡勇有
- 华南理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 广州510640
- 摘要：在日处理量为500m3·d-1的厌氧膜床(SBAF)-曝气生物滤池(BAF)组合工艺生活污水处理示范工程中,重点考察了低温条件下厌氧膜床水解作用对生活污水中难溶有机物的转化,以及水力负荷和温度对厌氧膜床处理效果的影响.结果表明:厌氧膜床对南方特有的低浓度生活污水(平均COD<200mg·L-1)有良好的水解处理效果.当进水流量为22～24m3·h-1(HRT=5.8～6.4h)、温度为13～15℃.进水平均溶解性有机物与总有机物之比(SCOD/TCOD)为40%左右时,经厌氧膜床水解转化后,平均出水SCOD/TCOD可提高至78%左右,污水可生化性显著提高.出水SCOD/TCOD值受温度变化的影响较明显,同时也受到进水水质和水力负荷的影响.在进水水质接近,进水流量为22m3.h-1下,当温度由13℃降至6℃度时,出水SCOD/TCOD值降低了约50%,TCOD的去除率也由60%降至24%.在10～13℃下,控制进水流量在20～22m3·h-1(HRT=6.4～7.0h),可有效改善厌氧膜床的处理效果.
- Abstract：Anew technique to treat low-strength domestic sewage has been developed through a full scale demonstration project in South China. Anaerobic pre-treatment was investigated in a special anaerobic film bed (SAFB)-Biological aerated filter(BAF)with a daily treatment capacity of 500 m3. The hydrolytic transformation of suspended organic compound by the SAFBat low temperatures, and the impact of temperature and hydraulic loading on SAFBperformance were observed. The results indicate that the SAFBwas suitable for low-strength domestic sewage treatment even when the influent average total chemical oxygen demand was less than 200mg·L-1. The biodegradation of raw sewage was enhanced by the hydrolytic conversion by the SAFB. Through hydrolysis, the average ratio of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD)to total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD)increased from 40% to 78% when influent flow rate was 22～24 m3·h-1 and temperature was 13～15℃. Temperature change had a large effect on the effluent SCODto TCODratio, and the influent water quantity and the hydraulic loading also influenced the SCODto TCODratio. Under roughly constant influent water quantity at a flow rate of 22 m3·h-1, when the temperature dropped from 13℃ to 6℃, the effluent SCODto TCODratio reduced by 50%, and the removal rate of TCODalso dropped from 60% to 24%. However, when the temperature was 10～13℃, the hydrolysis process could be improved by decreasing the flowrate to 20～22 m3·h-1 and prolonging the hydraulic residence time to 6.5～7.0h .
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