• 关键词：近临界水  水解反应  氨基酸  生物质  固体废弃物  活性炭吸附  脱色

• 基金项目：国家自然科学基金(No.50578901);上海市重点学科项目(No.T-105)

• 朱宪
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院化工系, 上海 201800

• 胡治国
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院化工系, 上海 201800

• 程洪斌
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院化工系, 上海 201800

• 朱宁
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院化工系, 上海 201800

• 朱超
• 上海大学环境与化学工程学院化工系, 上海 201800

• 摘要：对废鱼肉、废禽畜肉及其加工过程产生的废弃物在近临界水中水解制备氨基酸和氨基酸水解液的脱色进行研究.反应器容积为200mL,反应温度为180～320℃,反应压力为5～26MPa,反应时间为5～60min.利用氨基酸分析仪对水解产物中的氨基酸进行定性和定量分析,实验结果发现,实验所用原料水解后可得到17种氨基酸.水解产物中不同种类氨基酸的产率随反应温度、反应压力和反应时间的变化规律各不相同.对其中8种含量较高、用途较广、附加值较高的氨基酸,分别进行了反应温度、反应压力、反应时间对水解液中氨基酸浓度的影响研究,得到了在较低的反应温度、合适的反应压力和一定的反应时间内获得较高氨基酸产率的水解条件.以颗粒状活性炭为脱色剂,对水解液在不同pH值、活性炭用量、吸附温度和吸附时间条件下进行脱色实验,并考察了脱色率和氨基酸损失率.结果表明,较好的吸附条件为:pH=4.0、活性炭用量为0.02g·mL^-1、吸附温度40℃、吸附时间15min,脱色率96%;被活性炭吸附的氨基酸可以通过解吸附得到回收.

• Abstract：Hydrolysis technology for amino acid production and hydrolysate decoloration from fish、fowl and livestock meat waste in sub-critical water was investigated. The reactor volume was 200 mL, reaction temperature was adjusted from 180～320℃, reaction pressure from 5～26 MPa and reaction time from 5～60 min. The quality and quantity of amino acids in the hydrolysate were determined by AAA-Direct, and 17 different amino acids were obtained. The reaction temperature had a greater effect on amino acid yield in the hydrolysate than reaction pressure and reaction time. Different amino acids required different conditions of reaction temperature, reaction pressure and reaction time to obtain the maximum yield. The optimum conditions for 8 selected amino acids with higher yield and high value were determined. Decoloration experiments were conducted on the hydrolysate using activated carbon under different conditions of pH, quantity of activated carbon, adsorption temperature and adsorption time. The optimum adsorption conditions were: pH4.0, 0.02g·mL^-1 activated carbon, 40 ℃ adsorption temperature, and 15 min adsorption time. Under these conditions, the decoloration rate was 96%. The amino acids adsorbed by the activated carbon could be recovered by de-adsorption.

• Key words：subcritical water  hydrolysis reaction  amino acid  biomass  solid waste  activated carbon adsorption  decoloration

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