区域环境与生态
姚华荣,崔保山.澜沧江流域云南段土地利用及其变化对土壤侵蚀的影响[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(8):1362-1371
澜沧江流域云南段土地利用及其变化对土壤侵蚀的影响
- The effect of Land use and its change on soil erosion of the Lancang River watershed in Yunnan Province
- 基金项目：国家重点基础研究计划(973)项目(No.2003CB415104);中国博士后科学基金项目(No.2005038321)
- 作者
- 单位
- 姚华荣
- 北京师范大学环境学院, 北京 100875
- 崔保山
- 北京师范大学环境学院, 北京 100875
- 摘要：采用GIS空间分析与传统统计分析相结合的方法,通过在ARCGIS8.1的GRID模块中,对澜沧江流域南段土地的栅格(GRID)图进行地图代数运算,形成具有复合数据的新GRID数据表;对新生成GRID属性表的数据进行统计计算,获得研究时段内不同空间范围的土地利用转移矩阵数据及各类用地上的土壤侵蚀数据;通过土壤侵蚀综合指数(INDEX)的计算,反映了不同区域、不同土地利用类型上的土壤侵蚀程度及其变化.研究结果表明,耕地、其它林地、低覆盖度草地上土壤受侵蚀的可能性较其它用地类型大;耕地、中覆盖度草地、水域的土壤侵蚀强度较其它用地类型大;土地利用变化对土壤侵蚀变化的影响在澜沧江中游和下游区域表现较为明显,而在上游区域不明显;上游区域土壤侵蚀的主导因素不是土地利用及其变化,而是地形、气候等其它因素.
- Abstract：GIS spatial analysis and traditional statistical analysis were employed in creating new GRID datasheets with complex data through algebra operations of the maps in GRID format under the GRID Modular of ARCGIS 8.1; secondly, data of land use transfer matrix during the research period and the data of soil erosion on deferent land use types were obtained through statistical calculation of the new-created GRID attribute table; Thirdly, the integrated soil erosion index was calculated to show soil erosion degree and its change in different areas and different land use types. The results showed that the possibility of soil erosion on cultivate, other woodland and low-covered grass land was larger than that on other land use types; the soil erosion degree on cultivate, middle-covered grass land and water area was stronger than that on other land types; the effect of land use change on soil erosion was distinct in upriver and middle-river catchment; the dominant factors of soil erosion in upriver catchment were terrain and climate etc, but not land use and its change.
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