• 关键词：火灾  烟气毒性  毒性评价

• 基金项目：公安部重点攻关项目

• 何瑾
• 公安部四川消防研究所, 都江堰 611830

• 刘军军
• 公安部四川消防研究所, 都江堰 611830

• 李风
• 公安部四川消防研究所, 都江堰 611830

• 兰彬
• 公安部四川消防研究所, 都江堰 611830

• 摘要：采用GA/T506-2004中规定的产烟模型对2种含氮高分子材料进行热解,将实验动物动态暴露于热解烟气中并使用傅立叶变换红外分析仪(FTIR)对热解烟气进行成分分析,将成分分析的结果用模型进行计算.结果表明,在热解温度为600℃时,腈纶毛线的热解烟气毒性大大高于羊毛地毯的热解烟气毒性;在不考虑NO₂的情况下N-气体值在0.5～1.3之间有受试动物死亡;烟气毒性的研究中数学计算方法不一定能完全替代动物实验;动物实验与成分分析、数学计算相结合在现阶段还是研究烟气毒性的较为有效的手段.

• Abstract：Two methodologies have been developed for obtaining and evaluating smoke toxicity data. One is an animal model and the other involves interpreting gas measurement data using the N-G as Model. FT-IRanalytical data on the thermal decomposition products of two types of nitrous polymers were obtained from GA/T 506-2004 tests and used for N-G as Model calculations. Comparing the results of the animal model with the N-G as value, shows that the thermal decomposition products of polyacrylonitrile are far more toxic than the thermal decomposition products of wool carpet. Taking no account of NO₂, when the N-G as value is between 0.5～1.3, some fraction of the test animals died. It can be argued that a mathematic model cannot fully substitute for an animal model. Using animal models and analytical methods together may be the best means of toxicity assessment.

• Key words：fire  smoke toxicity  toxicity assessment

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