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污染控制技术及原理

Measurement of emission factors of carbonaceous aerosols from residential coal combustion

摘要：通过烟尘罩稀释通道系统采样,实验室模拟民用燃煤的燃烧方式,获取了不同成熟度的散煤、蜂窝煤的PM_2.5、EC和OC的排放因子.民用燃煤的排放与煤炭成熟度有很大相关,不同煤种排放因子差距很大.在6种实验煤炭中,烟煤散烧的排放因子较大,其中S₃煤种的排放因子最大,其PM_2.5、EC和OC的实测值分别为11.06、3.51和5.39g·kg^-1;无烟煤散烧排放因子较少,S₁煤种的排放因子最小,其PM_2.5、EC和OC分别为0.78、0.02和0.49g·kg^-1;蜂窝煤的颗粒物以及OC排放因子与相似成熟度的散煤燃烧相当,但是EC排放相对散煤较低.EC、OC源清单工作需要对民用燃煤源进行更详细的分类,结合相应的排放因子,才能更加准确的估计这一重要排放源的贡献率.

Abstract：Elemental carbon(EC) and organic carbon(OC) are important constituents in atmospheric aerosols.China has diverse modes of residential coal burning,but limited measurements have been made to determine the emission factors of carbonaceous aerosols in China,resulting in large uncertainties in the emission inventories for both ECand OC.By making a hood and dilution chamber system for aerosol sampling,residential coal combustion processes were simulated in the laboratory,and PM2.5,ECand OCemission factors from raw coal and honeycomb coal covering a wide range of maturity were determined.of the six tested coals,bituminous coal S₃ produced the highest emission factors of PM2.5(11.06 g·kg^-1),EC(3.51 g·kg^-1) and OC(5.39 g·kg^-1);Anthracite coal S₁ produced the lowest emission factors of PM2.5(0.78 g·kg^-1),EC(0.02 g·kg^-1) and OC(0.49 g·kg^-1);honeycomb coal had comparable PM2.5 and OCemission factors with raw coal of similar maturity,but its ECemission factor was much lower than raw coal's.Residential coal combustion needs to be more carefully classified in order to make more accurate emission inventory of carbonaceous particles.

Key words：residential coal burning carbonaceous aerosol emission factor elemental carbon organic carbon