• 关键词：辽河流域  大型底栖无脊椎动物  B-IBI指数  生态完整性  评价标准

• 基金项目：国家“十五”科技攻关计划项目(No.2003BA614A-04)

• 张远
• 中国环境科学研究院河流与海岸带环境创新基地, 北京 100012

• 徐成斌
• 辽宁大学资源与环境学院, 沈阳 110036

• 马溪平
• 辽宁大学资源与环境学院, 沈阳 110036

• 张铮
• 辽宁省环境监测中心站, 沈阳 110031

• 王俊臣
• 辽宁省环境监测中心站, 沈阳 110031

• 摘要：根据2005年4月期间辽河流域25个样点的底栖动物数据(参照点12个,受损点13个),通过指数值分布范围、相关关系和判别能力分析,从20个候选指数中筛选出了辽河流域的B-IBI构成指标体系,包括总分类单元数、EPT分类单元数、摇蚊分类单元数、前3位优势分类单元个体相对丰度、敏感类群个体相对丰度和粘附者个体相对丰度6个生物指数.其中总分类单元数、EPT分类单元数、摇蚊分类单元数反映群落丰度,前3位优势分类单元个体相对丰度反映个体数量比例,敏感类群个体相对丰度反映生物耐污能力,粘附者个体相对丰度反映小生境质量.采用比值法计算每种生物的指数值,并将各个生物指数值加和得到B-IBI指数值.根据参照点B-IBI值的25%分位数值确定健康等级标准,并对小于25%分位数值的分布范围进行4等分,提出了底栖动物完整性评价标准:B-IBI>3.66为健康,B-IBI=2.75～3.66为亚健康,B-IBI=1.83～2.75为一般,B-IBI=0.92～1.83为差,B-IBI<0.92为极差.评价结果表明,辽河流域25个样点中9个为健康,8个为亚健康,2个为一般,3个为较差,3个极差.B-IBI与水质状况、栖息地环境质量显著相关,其中与DO、栖息地指数呈显著正相关,与COD_Cr、COD_Mn、BOD₅、悬浮物、氨氮、总磷、总氮、电导率呈显著负相关.

• Abstract：Benthic macro-invertebrate samples were collected from 25 stream sites (12 reference sites and 13 impaired sites) in the Liao River Basin of China on April of 2005. The analyses of the range of index value distribution, Pearson correlation and judgment ability were performed on twenty candidate metrics, including Total number of taxa, EPTtaxa, Aquatic insects taxa, Crustacea and Mollusca taxa, Chironomidae taxa, dominant taxa individual relative abundance, Three dominant taxa individual relative abundance, Trichoptera individual relative abundance, Ephemeroptera individual relative abundance, Angleworm individual relative abundance, Diptera individual relative abundance, Chironomidae individual relative abundance, Crustacea and Mollusca individual relative abundance, Legless organism individual relative abundance, Intolerant taxa individual relative abundance, Tolerant taxa individual relative abundance, Intolerant taxa individual relative abundance, Gatherers individual relative abundance, Filterers individual relative abundance, Clingers individual relative abundance. Six biological metrics are selected for the establishment of Benthic Integrated Biotic Index (B-IBI), which are Total number of taxa, EPTtaxa, Chironomidae taxa,, Three dominant taxa individual relative abundance, Intolerant taxa individual relative abundance and Clingers individual relative abundance. Total number of taxa, EPTtaxa and Chironomidae taxa indicate community abundance, and Three dominant taxa individual relative abundance reflects the proportion of individual amount, and Intolerant taxa individual relative abundance is the indicator of torlerance towards water pollution, and Clingers individual relative abundance indicates the quality of micro habitat. The values of metric are calculated by ratio scoring method, and benthic index of biotic integrity (B-IBI) is obtained by combining all those 6 indices. Base on the 25% percentile of B-IBIvalue in reference sites, the criteria of health ranking is determined. The distribution range below 25% percentile is divided into 4 quarters. The proposed criteria of benthic-index of biotic integrity are as following: B-IBI>3.66 is health, 2.75～3.66 is sub-health, 1.83～2.75 is fair, 0.92～1.83 is poor, and B-IBI<0.92 is very poor. Assessing with those criteria, the results show among the 25 sites in Liao River Basin, 9 sites were health, 8 sites were sub-health, 2 sites were fair, 3 sites were poor and 3 sites were very poor. The B-IBIvalue is evidently related to water quality and habitat quality. The B-IBIvalue is significantly positive correlation to DO, and significantly negative correlation with COD_Cr, COD_Mn, BOD₅, suspended substance, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and conductivity.

• Key words：Liao River basin  benthic macro-invertebrate  B-IBI index  ecological integrality  evaluation criteria

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