污染控制技术及原理
叶和松,盛下放,江春玉,王满磊,高圆圆,李振高.生物表面活性剂产生菌的筛选及其对土壤重金属铅的活化作用[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(10):1631-1636
生物表面活性剂产生菌的筛选及其对土壤重金属铅的活化作用
- The isolation of biosurfactant-producing bacteria and their effect on the availability of lead in soil
- 关键词：生物表面活性剂产生菌 化学合成表面活性剂 铅 生物有效态
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(No.40371070)
- 作者
- 单位
- 叶和松
- 农业部农业环境微生物工程重点开放实验室, 南京农业大学生命科学学院, 南京 210095
- 盛下放
- 农业部农业环境微生物工程重点开放实验室, 南京农业大学生命科学学院, 南京 210095
- 江春玉
- 农业部农业环境微生物工程重点开放实验室, 南京农业大学生命科学学院, 南京 210095
- 王满磊
- 农业部农业环境微生物工程重点开放实验室, 南京农业大学生命科学学院, 南京 210095
- 高圆圆
- 农业部农业环境微生物工程重点开放实验室, 南京农业大学生命科学学院, 南京 210095
- 李振高
- 中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008
- 摘要：结合油平板和血平板方法从重金属8处复合污染的土壤样品中筛选出15株能产生物表面活性剂的细菌菌株,其中J119菌株不仅具有良好的产生物表面活性剂的性能,而且能在含铅、镉浓度分别为100～200mg·L-1、25～100mg·L-1的平板中生长.同时对J119菌株所产的生物表面活性剂与3种不同类型化学合成表面活性剂活化土壤中铅的效能进行了比较.结果表明,在400mg·kg-1铅污染土壤中,J119菌株发酵液与化学合成表面活性剂活化土壤中铅的效果相当;与对照相比,在800mg·kg-1铅污染土壤中,J119菌株发酵液处理使土壤中有效性铅的浓度增加51.1%,而3种化学合成表面活性剂CTAB、SDS、Tween-80处理土壤中有效态铅浓度仅比对照增加28.7%、26.2%和16.0%.另外,J119菌株产生的生物表面活性剂与供试3种化学合成表面活性剂对土壤中铅的活化作用之间存在显著差异.
- Abstract：Microbe-strengthened-phytoremediation has been a hot spot in the research of environmental remediation of heavy metal pollution. 15 biosurfactant-producing bacteria were screened out by blood plates and oil plates from 8 soil samples contaminated by heavy metals and petroleum pollutants. Strain J119 has the best capability of producing biosurfactant and can be resistant to high level of lead (100-200mg·L-1) and cadmium (25-100 mg·L-1). Availability of lead in soil by the fifth day fermented supernatant of strain J119 and 3 kinds of synthetic surfactants (CTAB、SDS、Tween-80) were investigated. The results showed that there were no significant difference in available lead in soil added with lead as Pb(NO3)2 at 400 mg·kg-1 between the treatments of the supernatant of strain J119 and the synthetic surfactants. The concentrations of available lead in the soil (added with lead as Pb(NO3)2 at 800 mg·kg-1) treated with the supernatant of strain J119 and CTAB,SDS and Tween-80 were increased by 51.1%, 28.7%, 26.2% and 16.0% respectively, compared to the control. In the soil added with lead as Pb(NO3)2 at 800 mg·kg-1, significant increase of available lead was obtained by the supernatant of the strain, compared to the three synthetic surfactants of CTAB、SDS、Tween-80.
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