环境化学
李政一,吴照阳,李发生,刘效兰.甲基对硫磷在水-气界面挥发的动力学研究[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(2):267-271
甲基对硫磷在水-气界面挥发的动力学研究
- Study on volatilization kinetics of parathion-methyl on interphase of the water and air
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(No.20576004);国家重点基础研究计划(973)项目(No.2001CB00700)
- 作者
- 单位
- 李政一
- 北京工商大学化学与环境工程学院, 北京 100037
- 吴照阳
- 北京工商大学化学与环境工程学院, 北京 100037
- 李发生
- 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012
- 刘效兰
- 北京工商大学化学与环境工程学院, 北京 100037
- 摘要：研究了挥发时间、温度和气流量对农药甲基对硫磷在水-气界面挥发行为的影响.研究结果表明,随着温度升高、气流量增大甲基对硫磷挥发量明显增大,温度和气流量是影响甲基对硫磷挥发的主要因素;挥发时间在0～8h内甲基对硫磷挥发量的变化较大,8h之后甲基对硫磷的挥发量基本不变化.研究了农药甲基对硫磷在水-气界面的挥发动力学.建立了甲基对硫磷在水-气界面挥发的动力学模型,模型计算所得的预测值与实测值基本吻合,相对误差≤5%,表明可用该动力学模型来预测甲基对硫磷在水-气界面的挥发行为.
- Abstract：The influence of volatilization time, temperature and air flux rate on the volatilization behavior of parathion-methyl on the interphase of water and air was investigated. The volatile quantity of parathion-methyl was determined by gas chromatography. The qualitative analysis was made on the basis of retention time, and the quantitative analysis was performed according to the external standard method. The results demonstrated that the increase of temperature and air flux rate could accelerate the volatilization quantity of parathion-methyl largely which suggested that temperature and air flux rate are main factors affecting the volatilization behavior of parathion-methyl. In a certain range of time, for example from the beginning time up to 8 hours, volatilization rate of parathion-methyl was relatively high, after that, the volatilization rate tended to be constant when the air flux rate was 1.5L·min-1 and the concentration of the parathion-methyl solution was 15mg·L-1. The volatilization kinetic model of parathion-methyl has been established. compared the experimental data with the predicted data by the volatilization kinetic model, it can be seen that the experimental results agreed with the prediction basically. Their relative error between the experimental value and predicted value was less than 5%. So the kinetic model can be used well to predict the volatilization behavior of parathion-methyl on the interphase of water and air.
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