污染控制技术及原理
项虹艳,朱波,况福虹,李侃,王玉英,郑循华.氮肥施用对紫色土-玉米根系系统N2O排放的影响[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(3):413-420
氮肥施用对紫色土-玉米根系系统N2O排放的影响
- Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on N2O emission in a purple soil and maize root system
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(No.40571093);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(No.2005CB121108)联合资助
- 作者
- 单位
- 项虹艳
- 1. 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 成都 610041; 2. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100039
- 朱波
- 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 成都 610041
- 况福虹
- 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 成都 610041
- 李侃
- 四川农业大学资源与环境学院, 雅安 625014
- 王玉英
- 中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 成都 610041
- 郑循华
- 中国科学院大气物理研究所, 北京 100029
- 摘要：通过不同施氮水平与不同氮肥品种2个田间试验,结合静态箱-气相色谱法研究了川中丘陵区2005年5～9月石灰性紫色土-玉米根系系统的N2O排放变化.结果表明:1)施用氮肥显著地增加了N2O排放,在3个施氮水平下(0、150和250kg·hm-2),N2O排放总量分别为0·88、2.19和2.52kg·hm-2;施氮量越高,N2O排放量也越高.当施氮量超过一定水平后,施肥量高低对N2O排放总量的影响并不显著.由氮肥施用引起的N2O排放量占施氮量的0.87%(150kg·hm-2)和0.66%(250kg·hm-2).2)氮肥品种显著影响N2O排放,尿素(酰胺态氮肥)和硫酸铵(铵态氮肥)处理的N2O排放量分别为2.09和1.80kg·hm-2,显著高于硝酸钾(硝态氮肥)处理(1.27kg·hm-2),三者排放量分别占施氮量的0.80%、0.60%和0.27%.3)降雨是玉米生长季N2O排放的主要影响因子,而无机氮则是影响N2O排放的主要限制因子.
- Abstract：The static chamber-gas chromatograph method was used to measure the N2O flux under the calcareous purple soil and maize root system treated with different nitrogen fertilizer rates and types in the hilly land of central Sichuan Basin from March to September in 2005. The results showed,1) Nitrogen fertilizer application enhanced the N2O emission significantly. The total N2O emission was 0.80, 2.19 and 2.52 kg·hm-2 from the three application rates (0,150 and 250 kg·hm-2),respectively. The higher the fertilizer applied, the more the N2O emitted. But when it exceeded to a critical rate, fertilizer application rate had no significant effects on the N2O emission. The total Nlosses derived from Napplied accounted for 0.87% and 0.66% when application rate were 150 kg·hm-2 and 250 kg·hm-2, respectively. 2) Nitrogen fertilizer types influenced N2O emissions significantly. The higher N2O emission occurred in CO(NH2)2 and(NH4)2SO4,which amounted to 2.09 kg·hm-2 and 1.80 kg·hm-2, respectively. Both were markedly higher than that of KNO3 (1.27 kg·hm-2). The total Nlosses derived from Napplied accounted for 0.80%, 0.60% and 0.27% from the CO(NH2)2,(NH4)2SO4, KNO3, respectively. 3) Precipitation was the main influencing factor while inorganic nitrogen was main limited factor on N2O emission.
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