特别选题
王娟,崔保山,刘杰,姚华荣,翟红娟.云南澜沧江流域土地利用及其变化对景观生态风险的影响[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(2):269-277
云南澜沧江流域土地利用及其变化对景观生态风险的影响
- The effect of land use and its change on ecological risk in the Lancang River watershed of Yunnan Province at the landscape scale
- 基金项目：国家重点基础研究计划(973)项目(No2003CB415104);国家自然科学基金(No40701173)
- 作者
- 单位
- 王娟
- 1. 北京师范大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875; 2. 有色金属矿产地质调查中心, 北京 100012
- 崔保山
- 北京师范大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875
- 刘杰
- 北京师范大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875
- 姚华荣
- 长安大学地球科学与土地资源学院, 西安 710054
- 翟红娟
- 北京师范大学环境学院, 环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875
- 摘要：利用GIS的空间分析功能,对云南澜沧江流域1980年、1992年和2000年3期TM遥感影像解译的土地利用解译数据进行图层代数运算,定量分析了土地利用变化及各种土地利用方式的相互转化关系;在土地利用变化的基础上,以景观干扰指数和土地利用类型的敏感度指数为评价指标,分析了不同研究时段内不同空间范围的景观生态风险变化情况.研究结果表明,自1992年以来该流域生态环境受人类活动干扰增强,耕地、林地、草地三者之间相互转化频率较高;土地利用结构的变化已导致景观生态风险指数发生显著时空差异,中级以上的生态风险主要分布于该流域的中下游,分布范围呈东南向西北方向扩展,风险较高的地区增加幅度较大.受地形、地貌的影响,该区域的景观生态风险各向异性较显著,自相关范围在7.5km之内.澜沧江流域景观生态风险有扩大的趋势,应加强中级以上景观生态风险区域的生态保护与建设,以实现澜沧江流域的生态环境与社会经济的可持续发展.
- Abstract：GIS spatial analysis was employed to quantitatively study the change of land use in the Lancang River watershed and the transformation of the landscape. TMremote sensing images from 1980, 1992 and 2000 were interpreted algebraically. The assessment quota comprising a landscape disturbance index and a land use sensitivity index, was established on the base of land use change to analyze the temporal and spatial dynamics of ecological risk to landscapes in this region. The results show that the environment has been increasingly disturbed by human activities since 1992 and the transformation rates are comparatively among farmland, forestland and grassland. The changes of land use structure can strongly influence the temporal and spatial distribution of ecological risk. The ecological risk above middle level appears in mid-and downstream and becomes significant from southeast to northwest, increasing dramatically in the areas with high risk index. Due to the varied terrain and topography, the difference of ecological risk to the landscape was significant, showing a 7.5 km auto-correlation range. The ecological risk to landscapes in this region is increasing. Ecological protection and construction should be strengthened in the areas with intermediate ecological risk, so as to promote the sustainable development of the ecological environment and the social economy in the Lancang River watershed.
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