• 关键词：大型蚤  斑马鱼  石油生产水  水污染监测  生态毒性

• 基金项目：国家“863”重点项目(No.2007AA061201);国家自然科学基金项目(No.20777040)

• 杨晓霞
• 1. 沈阳农业大学水利学院, 沈阳 110161; 2. 南开大学环境科学与工程学院教育部环境污染过程与基准重点实验室, 天津 300071

• 周启星
• 1. 南开大学环境科学与工程学院教育部环境污染过程与基准重点实验室, 天津 300071; 2. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室, 沈阳 110016

• 王铁良
• 沈阳农业大学水利学院, 沈阳 110161

• 摘要：采用水生生态毒理学常用的大型蚤(Daphniamagma)和斑马鱼(Brachydaniorerio)以及毒性单位(Tua)法对渤海海上油田的石油生产水进行生态毒性评价和分级.结果表明,这些石油生产水对大型蚤和斑马鱼均表现出一定的毒性效应.其中,水样1和水样3的毒性较大,对大型蚤的Tua分别为151.52和70.96,而对斑马鱼的Tua分别为2.41和2.12.水样3虽经处理,但其生态毒性并未得到明显的改善.水样2对大型蚤和斑马鱼都属于低毒等级,其Tua依次分别为4.39和1.97.可见,大型蚤和斑马鱼可以作为海上石油生产水生态毒性的监测指标,但在生态风险评价中大型蚤比斑马鱼更为灵敏.

• Abstract：Ecological toxicity of marine oil production effluents from the Bohai Sea in China was evaluated and graded using Daphnia magma and Brachydaniorerio,common biomarkers in aquatic toxicology,by the toxicity unit(Tua)method.The results showed that there were different toxic effects of oil production effluents on Daphnia magma and Brachydaniorerio.The toxicity of samples 1 and 3 were both high.Their Tua values to Daphnia magma were 151.52 and 70.96,and to Brachydaniorerio were 2.41 and 2.12,respectively.Although sample 3 was treated by some kind of process,its ecotoxicity did not reduce greatly.Sample 2 had low toxicity to Daphnia magma and Brachydaniorerio,and its Tua values were 4.39 and 1.97,respectively.This study also indicates that Daphnia magma and Brachydaniorerio can be considered monitoring indexes for ecological toxicity of marine oil production effluent,and Daphnia magma is more sensitive than Brachydaniorerio in ecological risk assessment.

• Key words：Daphnia magma  Brachydanio rerio  oilproduction effluent  water-pollution monitoring  ecological toxicity

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