• 关键词：生物强化  工程菌构建  低温  石化废水

• 基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(No.2004CB418505);黑龙江省科技计划项目(No.CC05S301)

• 马放
• 城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨工业大学, 哈尔滨 150090

• 郭静波
• 城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨工业大学, 哈尔滨 150090

• 赵立军
• 城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨工业大学, 哈尔滨 150090

• 山丹
• 城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨工业大学, 哈尔滨 150090

• 摘要：为解决石化废水在低温下生化处理效果差的难题,通过石化废水厂二沉池出水的GC-MS分析,确定了石化废水中的特征污染物,在此基础上进行了生物强化工程菌的筛选、驯化与构建.同时,为验证投加工程菌的生物强化技术处理石化废水的效果,开展了二级A/O工艺处理低温石化废水的中试研究.结果表明,工艺稳定运行期间,在进水水质波动较大(COD=370～910mg·L^-1,NH₄⁺-N=10～70mg·L^-1)、水温低于13℃的情况下,出水COD和NH₄⁺-N平均浓度分别在80mg·L^-1和8mg·L^-1左右,水质优于污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)中表2一级标准.经对中试装置出水的GC-MS分析可知,难降解有机污染物的种类为由未经生物强化的68种减少到32种,绝对石油烃含量、苯系物、卤代物等的含量较未强化的系统都有大幅度地下降.因此,经生物强化后,系统对难降解有机物的处理能力大大地增强,生物强化技术应用于低温石化废水的处理是有效的、可行的.

• Abstract：Engineering bacteria were selected,domesticated and constructed to treat the typical pollutants identified in the effluent of a petrochemical wastewater treatment plant(WWTP).Apilot-scale two-stage anoxic-oxic process was operated to treat petrochemical wastewater in order to examine the efficiency of bioaugmentation by delivery of the engineered bacteria.During normal operation at temperatures below 13℃,the effluent concentrations of CODand NH₄⁺-N were very unstable: COD=370～910mg·L^-1 and NH₄⁺-N=10～70mg·L^-1.With bioaugmentation,the average concentrations of CODand NH₄⁺-N of the effluent were found to be about 80 mg·L^-1 and 8 mg·L^-1 respectively.Thus the quality of the water was much better than the Level Ⅰcriteria of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard(GB8978-1996).In addition,after using bioaugmentation,the GC-MS analysis of the effluent from the pilot system indicated that the number of organic pollutants was reduced from 68 to 32.Compared with the effluent from the WWTP,the absolute amount of petroleum hydrocarbons,benzenes and halogenated compounds in the effluent of the pilot system decreased dramatically.In conclusion,bioaugmentation improved the organics removal efficiency of the wastewater treatment system and this technique could play an important role in petrochemical wastewater treatment at low temperatures.

• Key words：bioaugmentation  engineering bacteria construction  low temperature  petrochemical wastewater

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