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环境毒理

钟娜,杨维东,刘洁生,张洁玲,何洋.不同氮源对利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima)生长和产毒的影响[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(6):1186-1191

Effects of different nitrogen sources on the growth and toxin production of Prorocentrum lima

基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(No.2001CB409710);广东省自然科学基金(No.031885);国家自然科学基金-广东省联合基金重点项目(No.U0733006)

摘要：采用单因子实验,设置4个浓度梯度:12μmo·lL^-1、25μmol·L^-1、50μmo·lL^-1和100μmol·L^-1,研究了NaNO₃、NH₄Cl和尿素对利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima)的生长、硝酸还原酶(nitratereductase,NR)活性以及腹泻性贝毒(diarrhetic shellfish poisoning,DSP)产生的影响,对比分析了利玛原甲藻对3种不同氮源的利用特征.结果发现,以NaNO₃、NH₄Cl和尿素分别作为氮源时,利玛原甲藻最大生长速率(μ_max)相差不大;NaNO₃组和尿素组之间最大生物量(X)和硝酸还原酶活性也相近;NH₄Cl组最大生物量(X)和硝酸还原酶活性明显低于NaNO₃组和尿素组.平台期NaNO₃组单位藻细胞OA含量明显高于NH₄Cl组和尿素组,NH₄Cl组和尿素组之间无显著性差异.这些结果表明,利玛原甲藻可以利用无机氮(NaNO₃、NH₄Cl)和有机氮盐尿素,利玛原甲藻中可能存在尿素酶;NaNO₃和尿素比NH₄Cl可能更有利于维持利玛原甲藻的生长;利玛原甲藻毒素的合成与营养盐的形态有关,其中NaNO₃最有利于毒素的合成.

Abstract：Prorocentrum lima is a red-tide organism that is responsible for diarrhetic shellfish poisoning(DSP).The growth rate,nitrate reductase activity and toxin production of Prorocentrum lima grown using nitrate,ammonium or urea as nitrogen sources were observed at different total nitrogen concentrations(12 μmol·L^-1,25 μmol·L^-1,50 μmol·L^-1 and 100 μmol·L^-1).The maximum growth rate(μ_max)was almost equal for all of the different nitrogen sources.The maximum biomass(X)and nitrate reductase activity of Prorocentrum lima grown with nitrate and urea were higher than those with ammonium.The concentration of OAper cell in Prorocentrum lima at the stationary phase with nitrate was higher than with ammonium and urea.These results suggest that the three nitrogen sources can be utilized by Prorocentrum lima,and that urease exists in Prorocentrum lima.Nitrate and urea promote the growth of Prorocentrum lima more than ammonium.The production of DSPtoxin in Prorocentrum lima was different under various nitrogen sources,and nitrate induced the production of DSPtoxin.