环境毒理
徐维娜,谢国驷,刘文斌,王恬.敌百虫胁迫对异育银鲫鱼体中4种酶活性变化的影响[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(6):1198-1205
敌百虫胁迫对异育银鲫鱼体中4种酶活性变化的影响
- The effect of trichlorfon on the activities of four enzymes in Carassais auratus gibelio
- 基金项目：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(No.2002AA2Z4061);江苏省科技攻关项目(No.2003239)
- 作者
- 单位
- 徐维娜
- 南京农业大学动物科技学院, 南京 210095
- 谢国驷
- 南京农业大学动物科技学院, 南京 210095
- 刘文斌
- 南京农业大学动物科技学院, 南京 210095
- 王恬
- 南京农业大学动物科技学院, 南京 210095
- 摘要：探讨了不同浓度敌百虫胁迫对异育银鲫血浆和肝胰脏中乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及肝胰脏中谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性及变化规律的影响.将异育银鲫鱼种((37.00±5.21)g)在浓度分别为0、1和45mg·L-1的敌百虫水体中连续浸浴144h,分别在3、5、8、10、24、48、72、96、120、144h测定鱼体内各酶活性.结果表明,在血浆中,与对照组相比,当敌百虫胁迫浓度为1mg·L-1时,自3h开始AChE活性降低且差异显著(p<0.05),SOD活性有所升高(p>0.05);当敌百虫胁迫浓度为45mg·L-1时,AChE活性降低且差异显著(p<0.05),而2胁迫组之间比较AChE活性变化差异不显著(p>0.05);SOD活性升高(p>0.05),且在5、8、10、96、120和144h与对照组和1mg·L-1比较差异显著(p<0.05).在肝胰脏中,与对照组相比,当敌百虫胁迫浓度为1mg·L-1时,除GOT活性在24和72h下降显著(p<0.05),AChE、GOT和GPT在其它各时间点活性变化不显著(p>0.05),SOD活性自5h后略有升高(p>0.05);当敌百虫胁迫浓度为45mg·L-1时,AChE、SOD、GOT和GPT酶活性自3h开始均开始降低(p>0.05),并以AChE在5、8、10、24、96和120h,GOT在3、5、8和10h与对照组和1mg·L-1比较降低趋势明显(p<0.05).此外,在144h试验期间,对照组中AChE、GOT和GPT活性在试验后期有所降低(p>0.05),SOD活性升高(p>0.05);在敌百虫胁迫组中,血浆与肝胰脏中的AChE、SOD活性,肝胰脏中的GPT和GOT活性呈现不稳定趋势.由以上结果可知,敌百虫会引起鱼体血液和组织生理生化指标及免疫酶活性的变化,使鱼体受损和生理机能下降.
- Abstract：Pesticides such as trichlorfon can affect the fish in nearby waters.Changes in the activities of acetylcholinesterase(AChE),superoxide dismutase(SOD)in hepatopancreas and blood serum of Carassais auratus gibelio and the activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT),glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT)in the hepatopancreas of Carassais auratus gibelio under trichlorfon stress were studied.The Carassais auratus gibelio(body weight= 37±5.21 g)were raised in aquariums containing 0,1 and 45 mg·L-1 trichlorfon for 144 h period.The enzyme activities were measured at 3,5,8,10,24,48,72,96,120 and 144 h of breeding.Compared with control fish,when the Carassais auratus gibelio were exposed to 1 mg·L-1 trichlorfon,the AChEactivity in blood serum significantly decreased(p<0.05),while SODactivity in blood serum had an increased(p>0.05).When exposed to 45mg·L-1,AChEactivity in blood serum significantly decreased(p<0.05)compared with control,however no significant differences(p>0.05)were observed between the 1 mg·L-1 and 45 mg·L-1 cases.In the presence of 45 mg·L-1 trichlorfon,the SOD activity in blood serum increased(p>0.05)and had significant differences(p<0.05)at 5,8,10,96,120 and 144 h compared with both control and 1mg·L-1 trichlorfon.Compared with control,when the concentrations of trichlorfon was 1 mg·L-1,the activities of AChE、GOT and GPT in the hepatopancreas had no significant differences(p>0.05)except GOTactivity decreased significantly(p<0.05)at 24 and 72 h;SODactivity increased(p>0.05).With exposure to 45 mg·L-1 trichlorfon,the activities of AChE、 SOD、GOT and GPT in the hepatopancreas were all decreased(p>0.05),while activities of AChEat 5,8,10,24,96,120 h and GOT at 3,5,8,10 h decreased significantly(p<0.05)compared with control and 1mg·L-1 trichlorfon.However,during the 144 h exposure period,activities of AChE,GOT and GPT were decreased(p>0.05)and activities of SODincreased(p>0.05)in control fish by the end of the test.The change of activities of AChEand SODin hepatopancreas and blood serum,and activities of GOT and GPT in hepatopancreas showed instability individually exposed to 1 and 45 mg·L-1 trichlorfon.It is suggested that when Carassais auratus gibelio is exposed to trichlorfon,it causes a damage response in the immune and physiological mechanisms.
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