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Evaluation of LTO cycle emissions from aircraft in China′s Civil Aviation Airports

摘要：为了估算飞机在民航机场的污染物(HC、CO、NO_x、SO₂)排放量,基于国际民航组织(ICAO)标准中的起飞着陆(LTO)循环概念,采用其发动机排放数据库(Engineemissiondatabank),结合我国民航机队资料和民航飞行数据,通过计算全国123个机场1周内飞机LTO循环的气体污染物排放量,拟合出LTO循环数与各种污染气体排放因子的关系.结果表明,2002～2006年民航机场LTO循环排放量分别为24680.54、24701.30、31084.55、35633.84、40645.55t;2006年我国全民航机场飞机LTO循环HC、CO、NO_x、SO₂的排放量分别为1514.48、14341.16、23095.19、1694.71t,旅客吞吐量前20位的机场排放占全国排放总量的68.25%.考察对比了2003及2004年度全国7大空域的机场飞机LTO循环排放分布,结果表明,在标准LTO循环的进近、滑行、起飞以及爬升4种模式中,滑行段所排放的污染物约占整个循环的50%,滑行时间降低4min,排放总量降低6%.

Abstract：Acalculation model of Landing and Take-Off (LTO) cycle emissions from aircraft in civil aviation airports was developed based on the ICAO′s (International Civil Aviation Organization) standard LTOcycle and its engine emission data bank. The calculation used the fleet data and the flight data from civil aviation in China. Aircraft LTOemissions (HC, CO, NO_x, SO₂) were calculated for one week at 123 airports and functional relationships between emissions and number of LTOcycles were developed. Total LTOemission from the aircraft is estimated to be 24680.54 t in 2002, 24701.3 t in2003, 31084.55 t in2004, 35633.84 t in 2005 and 40645.55 t in 2006. In 2006, the annual LTO cycle emissions of HC, CO, NO_x, SO₂ were 1514.48 t, 14341.16 t, 23095.19 t and 1694.71 t, respectively. Twenty of the 123 airports produced 68.25% of the total emissions. The distribution of LTO cycle emissions from aircraft in7 civil aviation airspaces was investigated for the years 2003 and 2004. In a typical LTO cycle, including approach, taxi, take-off and climb, approximately half of these amounts are produced in the taxiing, and the estimations show that a 4 min decrease in taxiing time results in a 6% decrease in LTOemissions.