• 关键词：静电除尘器  极板沉积粉尘层  积累电荷  驱进速度  收尘效率

• 基金项目：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(No.2002AA642010)

• 郝文阁
• 东北大学资源与土木工程学院, 沈阳 110004

• 侯亚平
• 东北大学资源与土木工程学院, 沈阳 110004

• 摘要：为了全面揭示电除尘器粉尘非稳态收集过程,建立完整的非稳态静电收尘理论,根据静电学基本原理,研究了极板粉尘层电荷导入、积累、释放的过程,推导出随粉尘层厚度增长而改变的动态收尘电场强度计算公式,进而得到荷电粒子动态驱进速度公式,最终形成静电除尘非稳态收集理论.研究结果表明,在静电收尘过程中,粒子驱进速度与粉尘比电阻、工作电压、粉尘层厚度等多种因素有关;随粉尘比电阻的升高,收尘效率下降,当供电电压为最佳工作电压时收尘效率最高.针对不同比电阻粉尘进行了多项实验研究,实验结果与理论研究结果吻合.非稳态静电收尘理论成功地解释了实际静电收尘过程中与传统静电收尘理论相矛盾的地方,为静电除尘器的设计及其运行参数的选取提供了更为科学的理论基础.

• Abstract：In order to comprehensively describe the non-static collection process in an electrostatic precipitator and establish a complete theory of non-static collection,the process of leading,accumulation and release of the dust layer was studied according to the principles of electrostatics.The collection electric-field intensity,which changes with the thickness of the dust layer,was deduced and then the particle velocity can be calculated,so the non-static process of the electrostatic precipitator is established.The results indicate that the particle velocity is related to the resistivity of the particles,the applied voltage and the thickness of the dust layer during the collection process.The collection efficiency decreases with the increased resistivity of the particles.The collection efficiency reaches a maximum when the applied voltage is at an optimal value.Multiple laboratory(experiments were performed using particles of different resistivity.The experimental results were similar to the theoretical results.The theory of non-static collection can explain many points of the actual electrostatic collection process which contradict the traditional theory of electrostatic collection and can thus supply a theoretical foundation for the design and choice of operating parameters of the electrostatic precipitator.

• Key words：electrostatic precipitator  accumulated dust layer on the plate  accumulated charges  particle velocity  collection efficiency

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