• 关键词：酸雨  三氧化钼  废渣  浸出毒性  生物毒性

• 基金项目：贵州省自然科学基金项目(No.QJ20072015);贵州大学人才基金项目(No.20050518)

• 杨爱江
• 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院实验中心, 贵阳 550003

• 李江
• 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院实验中心, 贵阳 550003

• 吴永贵
• 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院实验中心, 贵阳 550003

• 鄢贵权
• 贵州科学院, 贵阳 550001

• 摘要：利用理化分析、浸出毒性分析、生物毒性试验相结合研究了三氧化钼(MoO₃)生产排放的废渣在不同模拟酸雨条件下的浸出毒性及生物毒性.结果表明,废渣浸出液中镍超标,属于具有浸出毒性的危险废物;同时其浸出液具有极强的生物毒性,浸出液生物毒性由强至弱依次为pH=4.5>pH=5.0>pH=5.5>pH=6.0>pH=6.5>pH=6.8,生物毒性最低的浸出液(pH=6.8)24h、48h对隆线溞的半致死体积分数LC₅₀分别为0.3775%、0.2184%.因此,三氧化钼生产排放的废渣在堆存和运输过程中要妥善处理,防止经雨水,尤其是酸雨淋溶浸泡;经浸泡后产生的废液会污染附近水体和土壤,对环境和居民健康造成危害.

• Abstract：Physicochemical analysis,leaching toxicity test and biotoxicity tests were used to investigate the leaching toxicity and biotoxicity of waste residues from MoO₃ production under simulated acid rain conditions.The results indicated that the content of Ni from the leachate exceeded the standards and could be categorized as hazardous waste.The leachate had high acute toxicity toward Daphnia carinata.The acute toxicity of leachate on D.carinata increased as the pHof the simulated acid rain decreased from pH6.8 to 4.5.The lowest toxicity of leachate was at pH6.8,where the LC₅₀s after 24 h and 48 h were 0.3775% and 0.2184%,respectively.Therefore,the waste residues from MoO₃ production should be disposed of safely to avoid immersion or leaching of heavy metals during storage and transport,especially by acid rain.Otherwise,the leachate could pollute the nearby water and soil and do great harm to the local environment and people's health.

• Key words：acid rain  MoO₃  waste residues  leaching toxicity  biotoxicity

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