• 关键词：公路网  湿地生态功能  累积效应  纵向岭谷区

• 基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(No.2003CB415104)

• 衷平
• 1. 北京师范大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875; 2. 交通部科学研究院, 交通环保与安全研究中心, 北京 100029

• 杨志峰
• 北京师范大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875

• 崔保山
• 北京师范大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875

• 刘世梁
• 北京师范大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100875

• 摘要：采用遥感面积反演生态功能法对公路网建设对湿地生态功能的生态累积效应进行研究,试图在多数湿地缺乏多年序列生态资料的现实情况下,为生态累积效应的定量化研究找出一种简捷而又有效的计算方法.首先,通过GIS手段分析得出公路网影响域范围内湿地面积的演变;然后,通过对生态功能与湿地面积和水深的相关关系式进行分析,得出1980～2005年湿地生态功能在公路网作用下的变化情况和规律,并预测出2010～2020年公路网规划年湿地生态功能的演变状态.研究结果显示,纵向岭谷区公路网建设对湿地生态功能有一定的负面驱动效应,随着公路网的逐渐加密湿地生态功能破坏程度加大,2005年区域内湿地生态功能指数为1980年的86%;根据该速率预测规划公路网将进一步对湿地生态功能造成破坏,到2010年研究区域内湿地生态功能指数为1980年的80%,到2020年仅为59%,因此,必须采取相应湿地的保护和恢复措施.

• Abstract：The cumulative effect of highway networks on the ecological functions of wetlands in the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region was studied by using remote sensing interpretation and GIS. Since long-term ecological data was not available, we developed a simple method to estimate the accumulated ecological effect of highway networks on wetlands. Firstly, we analyzed the changes of wetland areas within the road-effect zone from 1980 to 2005 using GIS. Secondly, the changes of the ecological functions of wetlands caused by road networks were analyzed based on correlations of ecological function to wetland area and water depth. Finally, we forecast the changes of ecological function of wetlands affected by planned highway networks from 2010 to 2020. Through analysis and calculation, we drew the following conclusions: the negative ecological effect of highway networks on wetlands in the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region is obvious and the effects increase with the increased density of highway networks. The ecological function index in 2005 is 86% of that in 1980. If the current trend continues, the ecological function indexes in 2010 and 2020 will be 80% and 59% of that in 1980, respectively. Therefore, the negative ecological effect of highway networks on wetlands will be more severe in the coming years, and we should take the measures to protect and restore the wetland ecosystems. This study gives some guidelines on alleviating negative effects of highway networks on wetland ecosystems, and provides scientific support for highway network planning.

• Key words：Highway networks  ecological function of wetlands  cumulative ecological effect  Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region

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