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污染控制技术及原理

蒋旭光,安春国,李春雨,费振伟,金余其,严建华,俞凯,潘金华,施政,沈逍江.医用玻璃及医疗垃圾灰渣的结渣特性研究[J].环境科学学报,2009,29(6):1226-1232

基金项目：国家高技术研究发展计划(863)重点项目(No.2007AA061302,2007AA06Z336);浙江省重大科技专项(No.2007C13084);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(No.X506312,R107532);浙江省科技计划项目(No.2008C23090);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划;浙江大学汤永谦学科建设发展基金

摘要：医疗垃圾的特性和成分是改善焚烧装置设计、运行及控制性能的重要参数.为了研究医用玻璃对医疗垃圾焚烧炉的影响,从医疗废物处置中心采集了玻璃和灰渣样品,分析了其化学组分和熔融温度.与煤灰成分相比,医用玻璃中的SiO₂和碱金属氧化物含量较高.通过不同玻璃间的比较,总结了化学组分对熔融温度的影响.软化温度随着SiO₂、CaO含量的增加而升高,但随B₂O₃、Na₂O含量的增加而迅速降低.改变不同玻璃的混合比例,研究了混合玻璃的熔融特性.利用煤灰结渣指数对医疗垃圾灰渣的结渣倾向进行了判定.结果显示,仅沾污指数能够对灰渣得出适宜的判别.

Abstract：The composition and characteristics of hospital wastes are important parameters for improving incinerator design,operation and control.In order to investigate the effects of medical glass in hospital wastes on incinerator operation,medical glass and slag samples were collected from a hospital waste disposal center to analyze their chemical components and fusion temperatures.Compared with coal ash,medical glass had higher contents of SiO₂ and alkali metal oxides.The contribution of glass components to fusion temperatures of medical glass was also investigated by comparing different glass samples.The softening temperature increased with a rise of SiO₂ and CaO content;however,it declined sharply when B₂O₃ and Na₂O contents increased.The fusibility of blended glass was studied by adjusting the proportion of several medical glasses.Applying slagging indices of coal ash,the slagging propensity for hospital waste slag was assessed.The results indicated that the best available judgment is derived only from the fouling index.