区域环境与生态
王朝晖,胡韧,谷阳光,宋淑华,朱大民,黄卓尔.珠江广州河段着生藻类的群落结构及其与水质的关系[J].环境科学学报,2009,29(7):1510-1516
珠江广州河段着生藻类的群落结构及其与水质的关系
- Community structures of periphytic algae in the Guangzhou reaches of the Pearl River and their relationship to water quality
- 基金项目：广州市环保科技项目
- 作者
- 单位
- 王朝晖
- 1. 暨南大学水生生物研究所, 广州 510632; 2. 水体富营养化与赤潮防治广东省教育厅重点实验室, 广州 510632
- 胡韧
- 暨南大学水生生物研究所, 广州 510632
- 谷阳光
- 暨南大学水生生物研究所, 广州 510632
- 宋淑华
- 暨南大学水生生物研究所, 广州 510632
- 朱大民
- 广州市环境监测中心站, 广州 510030
- 黄卓尔
- 广州市环境监测中心站, 广州 510030
- 摘要：于2007年6月、7月和9月,采用玻璃挂片法对珠江广州河段9个断面处着生藻类的分布状况进行了调查,同时测定了叶绿素a、总氮、总磷、溶解氧、pH等环境因子.本调查共观察到着生藻类35种,主要以丝状绿藻占据优势,其中毛枝藻是绝对优势种,其最高数量百分比达97.4%;而附着在绿藻藻体的一些硅藻,如异极藻、脆杆藻也是常见优势物种.着生藻类数量丰富,为3.16×104～3.06×106cells·cm-2;种类多样性较低,Shannon-Weaver种类多样性指数为0.15～2.68.从总氮和总磷含量来看,珠江广州河段水质为III类至V类之间.调查期间,2007年7月12日举行了"广州市万人游珠江活动",由于活动期间采取的一些截污治理措施,6月、7月水质特别是广州市区河段水质有所好转;但活动过后,营养盐特别是总磷浓度迅速上升,叶绿素a含量和着生藻类数量急剧增加.研究结果说明,珠江广州河段水质能够得以改善,但需要采取持续而有效的措施防止水质的进一步恶化,才能保证珠江水资源的可持续发展.
- Abstract：Periphytic algae on artificial glass substrata were investigated in nine locations of the Guangzhou reaches of the Pearl River in June,July and September,2007.Chlorophyll a(Chl.a),Total Nitrogen(TN),Total Phosphorus(TP),and Dissolved Oxygen(DO) were measured as well.A total of 35 periphytic algae were identified during this survey.Filamentous green alga Stigeoclonium sp.dominated the assemblage with a maximum percentage of 97.4%.Small epiphytic diatoms such as Gomphonema angustatum,Fragilaria capucina,attaching to the filaments of Stigeoclonium,were common dominant species as well.High periphytic algal settlements were observed in this study,varying from 3.16×104 to 3.06×106 cells·cm-2.However,low values of Shannon-Weaver species diversity index(0.15～2.68) were recorded.The water quality belonged to class III to class V according to EQSSW(the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water of China,GB3838-2002) based on TN and TP levels.During the survey,a public activity named "Ten Thousand People Swimming across the Pearl River in Guangzhou City" was performed on 12 June 2007.The water quality improved in June and July due to actions controlling the pollution before and during the activity.However,nutrient concentrations,especially TP and Chl.a,and periphytic algal production increased sharply after the activity.The results suggest that the water quality of the Guangzhou reaches of the Pearl River can be improved,but the water resource can be sustained only if effective and peranent measures are taken to prevent further degeneration of water quality.
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