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张涛,仇浩,邹泽李,董汉英,赵芝灏,韦献革,章卫华,蔡信德,仇荣亮.氰化物污染土壤的化学氧化修复方法初步研究[J].环境科学学报,2009,29(7):1465-1469

A preliminary study on oxidative chemical remediation of soils contaminated with cyanide

摘要：利用漂白粉(Ca(ClO)₂)、H₂O₂、二氧化氯消毒剂(ClO₂)作为氧化剂,处理氰化物污染的土壤,使其分解成低毒物或无毒物,据此建立了二氧化氯消毒剂(ClO₂)处理含氰土壤的新方法.结果表明,漂白粉大大提高了土壤的pH值,改变了土壤原有的理化性质,H₂O₂有较好的处理效果但是氧化效率低,综合考虑,选择低浓度ClO₂强氧化剂来修复氰化物污染的土壤.同时研究了温度、反应时间、ClO₂浓度对反应的影响.结果显示,常温下,0.1%的ClO₂为氧化剂,反应时间为45min时,去除率可以达到55.57%;当ClO₂浓度仍为0.1%,将温度升高为65℃,反应时间为30min时,去除率即能够达到98.85%.研究结果表明,该方法对氰化物污染的土壤处理是一种可行的和有效的选择,具有实用意义.

Abstract：In this study,the efficiency of oxidants(Ca(ClO)₂,H₂O₂ and ClO₂) for cyanide removal from soils was investigated.The results indicated that the addition of bleaching powder(containing Ca(ClO)₂ as oxidant) may cause abrupt changes of pH values and physico-chemical characteristics of the soil.The oxidation efficiency of hydrogen peroxide was the lowest compared with the other oxidants.The addition of ClO₂ did not cause abrupt changes of pH values of the soil,and had the highest oxidation efficiency among the three oxidants.Thus,a low concentration of ClO₂ was chosen as the most suitable oxidant,and the effects of reaction time,ClO₂ dosage and temperature on cyanide removal efficiencies were further studied.The results showed that the removal rate of cyanide increased with the reaction time and temperature,and it reached a maximum of 55.57% in 45 min at room temperature with 0.1% ClO₂ as oxidant.When the temperature was increased to 65 ℃,the removal rate reached a maximum of 98.85% in 30 min.Based on the above results,a new chemical method was set up to remediate the cyanide contaminated soils with chlorine dioxide.This study suggests that chemical oxidants may be a feasible option for cleaning soils contaminated with cyanide.