污染控制技术及原理
黄保宏,邹运鼎,毕守东,巫厚长,李桂亭,彭军成.稀土元素对梅园主要土壤动物群落结构组成的影响[J].环境科学学报,2009,29(9):1849-1857
稀土元素对梅园主要土壤动物群落结构组成的影响
- Effects of rare earth elements on the composition of the soil fauna community in a plum orchard
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30871444);安徽省教育厅自然科学基金资助项目(No.KJ2008B75ZC);安徽省重点科研资助项目(No.07021004)
- 作者
- 单位
- 黄保宏
- 安徽科技学院, 凤阳 233100
- 邹运鼎
- 安徽农业大学, 合肥 230036
- 毕守东
- 安徽农业大学, 合肥 230036
- 巫厚长
- 安徽农业大学, 合肥 230036
- 李桂亭
- 安徽农业大学, 合肥 230036
- 彭军成
- 安徽科技学院, 凤阳 233100
- 摘要：为阐明不同稀土处理对梅园土壤动物群落组成的影响,采用手拣法、干漏斗法和湿漏斗法对梅园各稀土处理区土壤动物群落组成进行系统调查,共得土壤动物标本8076个,隶属于4门15纲31目.其中昆虫纲物种最为丰富,有12目,占全部种群数的58.41%;鞘翅目、膜翅目、蜱螨目、双翅目和弹尾纲等5种优势类群占土壤动物个体总数的81.44%.5种稀土处理区中,杂食性土壤动物功能团所占的比例均高于植食性功能团所占的比例,且杂食性土壤动物所占的比例依次为对照区(CK)(La处理区(下同)(Ce区(Pr区(Nd区(Sm区.不同浓度稀土处理区中土壤动物类群和个体数量均随着稀土浓度增加而减少,杂食性功能团所占的比例也高于植食性功能团所占的比例,且杂食性功能团所占的比例依次为对照区(CK)(25区(mg·kg-1处理区,下同)(50区(100区(500区(1000区(2000区(3000区.以Pr处理后的土壤动物物种数多,个体数量大,优势集中性指数高,优势物种优势性极明显,其它4种稀土在类群数、个体数、优势集中性指数和优势类群优势性和Pr规律基本相同,依次为Nd、Sm、Ce和La,但均比CK小.因此,5种稀土及其不同浓度处理区土壤动物群落的稳定性相对较差,对土壤动物多样性、均匀性、优势度和类群数等群落指标产生影响,使土壤动物群落组成产生较为显著的变化.
- Abstract：The composition of the soil fauna community in five rare earth element(RE)-treated plots located in a plum orchard were investigated by the hand-picking,Tullgren and Baermann methods. A total of 8076 soil animal samples,belonging to 31 Orders,15 Classes and 4 Phyla,were collected from the different plots. Detailed analysis revealed that the majority of the different species identified belonged to 12 Orders of the Insecta,and together these accounted for 58.41% of the total number of species represented. The dominant fauna types in the treated plots belonged to the Coleoptera,Hymenoptera,Acarina,Diptera and Collembola,and together these accounted for 81.44% of the total animal population. The proportion of omnivores was higher compared to herbivores in all five of the differently RE-treated plots. The ratio of omnivores to herbivores was highest in untreated control plots and decreased upon RE-treatment in the order lanthanum(La),cerium(Ce),praseodymium(Pr),neodymium(Nd) and samarium(Sm). Both the number of species and individuals comprising the soil fauna in each treated plot,and the proportion of omnivore populations,were all increasingly suppressed with increasing RE concentrations within the range 0～3000 mg·kg-1 soil. Our data indicated that RE-treatments destroyed the stability of soil fauna communities,decreased the overall population of soil animals,and resulted in significant differences in the composition of soil fauna communities compared to untreated soils.
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